Methods and apparatus for providing expanded telecommunications service

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides flexible call processing. For example, a call processor system can receive an inbound call intended for a called party and place an outbound call to the called party. The call processing system can provide the called party with a call transfer option.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application is related to copending U.S. Ser. No. 11/039,374, filedJan. 19, 2005, entitled METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING EXPANDEDTELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE, and is related to copending application,entitled METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR TELEPHONY PROCESSING, INCLUDINGLOCATION BASED CALL TRANSFERS, Ser. No. 11/294,638, filed Dec. 5, 2005,and is related to copending application, entitled METHODS AND SYSTEMSFOR TELEPHONY CALL-BACK PROCESSING, Ser. No. 11/294,641, filed Dec. 5,2005, the entirety of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a continuation in part of U.S. patent Ser. No.11/294,682, filed Dec. 5, 2005 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,555,110, which is acontinuation in part of U.S. Ser. No. 11/062,182, filed Feb. 18, 2005now U.S. Pat. No. 7,397,910, which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No.10/255,567, filed Sep. 26, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,898,275, which is acontinuation of U.S. Ser. No. 09/539,375, filed Mar. 31, 2000, now U.S.Pat. No. 6,477,246, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional PatentSer. No. 60/127,434, filed Apr. 1, 1999, the contents of which areincorporated herein in their entirety; this application is acontinuation in part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/439,601, filed May 16, 2003 nowU.S. Pat. No. 7,103,167, which claims priority from U.S. ProvisionalPatent Ser. No. 60/382,257, filed May 20, 2002, the contents of whichare incorporated herein in their entirety; this application furtherclaims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Ser. No. 60/633,594, filedDec. 6, 2004, U.S. Provisional Patent Ser. No. 60/634,124, filed Dec. 8,2004, U.S. Provisional Patent Ser. No. 60/639,095, filed Dec. 23, 2004,U.S. Provisional Patent Ser. No. 60/659,265, filed Mar. 7, 2005, andU.S. Patent Ser. No. 60/719,635, filed Sep. 22, 2005, the contents ofwhich are incorporated herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to telecommunications and inparticular to systems and methods for processing and placing telephonecalls.

2. Description of the Related Art

Many telephone subscribers have a personal computer on their desk andfrequently the personal computer is logged in to the same telephone linethat would normally be used by the telephone. This is for use of thecomputer on the Internet. Frequently, incoming telephone calls receive abusy signal because the computer is logged on to the Internet. Thusthere are many lost calls. Many individuals and small businesses aresearching for ways to simplify and control their telecommunicationssystems. Many of them are reluctant to acquire additional telephonelines at current prices.

Many telecommunications systems today have limited intelligence. Manycalls end in voice mail, an often unsatisfactory conclusion. Withrespect to business calls, calls not completed may result in irritatedcustomers and lost sales.

In addition, people are increasingly associated with a multiplicity ofcommunication devices. For example, an individual may have a work phone,a home phone connected to a switched telephone network, a phoneconnected to an Internet protocol network, and a cellular phone.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to telecommunications, and moreparticularly to telephone call processing. By way of example and notlimitation, several example embodiments will be described.

An example embodiment provides a method of processing calls, the methodcomprising: storing in computer readable memory associated with a callprocessing system a first phone address associated with a firstsubscriber; storing in computer readable memory a plurality of phoneaddresses for the subscriber associated with at least one networkselected from the group including a wireline network, a wirelessnetwork, and/or an Internet network; participating at the callprocessing system in a first call with the subscriber, wherein the firstcall is associated with a second phone address; placing a first outcallfrom the call processing system to the first called party, wherein thecall processing system inserts the first phone address in a callerIDfield associated with signaling information associated with the firstoutcall, wherein the first phone address is different than the secondphone address; bridging the first call and the first outcall;participating at the call processing system in a second call with thesubscriber, wherein the second call is conducted via a subscribercommunication device associated with a third phone address; placing asecond outcall from the call processing system to the second calledparty, wherein the call processing system inserts the first phoneaddress in a callerID field associated with signaling informationassociated with the second outcall, wherein the first phone address isdifferent than the third phone address; and bridging the second call andthe second outcall.

An example embodiment provides a method of processing calls, the methodcomprising: receiving at a call processing system a first call requestfrom a client telecommunications application hosted on a user computer,wherein the first call request identifies a first party to be called; atleast partly in response to the first call request, placing a firstoutcall from the call processing system to a telephone associated withthe user; placing a second outcall from the call processing system to atelephone associated with the first party, wherein the second outcall isassociated with signaling information, the signaling informationincluding a user phone address associated with the user, wherein theuser phone address is not the phone address of the call processingsystem, but is a phone address assigned to or specified by the user; andcausing the first outcall and the second outcall to be connected.

Still another example provides a method of processing calls, the methodcomprising: storing in computer readable memory an association between auser and a first phone address associated with a call processing system;receiving from the user a plurality of user phone addresses associatedwith at least one network selected from the group including wirelinenetwork, wireless network, and Internet network; storing the pluralityof user phone addresses in computer readable memory; receiving at thecall processing system an indication from the user that the user want toestablish a call with a first party using a first of the plurality ofphone addresses; and placing a first outcall from the call processingsystem to the first party, wherein the call processing system insertsthe first phone address associated with the call processing system in acallerID field associated with signaling information corresponding tothe first outcall, wherein a user communication device to be connectedto the first outcall at least partly in response to a user action.

An example embodiment provides a method of processing calls, comprising:receiving at a call processing system a message from an Internetprotocol proxy regarding a first call from a caller; determining if thefirst call is directed to a telephone address of a subscriber ofservices offered by the call processing system, wherein at least partlyin response to determining that the telephone address is that of asubscriber: accessing an account record associated with the subscriber,the account record including at least one subscriber instruction; basedat least in part on the subscriber instruction, placing a first outcallto a first communication device associated with the subscriber; if thefirst outcall is not answered within a first number of rings or periodof time, placing a second outcall to a second communication deviceassociated with the subscriber; and receiving a call connect instructionfrom the subscriber; and instructing the call processing system toconnect the first call to a third communication device.

An example embodiment provides a method of processing calls, comprising:receiving a message over the Internet indicating a call has been placedby a caller to a phone address of a user having a mobile communicationdevice, wherein the user has an account associated with a callprocessing system; requesting the status of the mobile communicationdevice; receiving a response to the request; if the response indicatesthat the mobile communication device is available to receive the call,causing at least in part that call to be routed to the mobilecommunication device; receiving at the call processing system anindication as to whether the mobile communication device answered thecall; at least partly in response to receiving an indication that themobile communication device answered the call, causing a half-duplextalk path to be established between the mobile communication device andthe caller so that the subscriber can hear the caller and the callerdoes not hear the subscriber; at least partly in response to receivingan indication that the subscriber wants to converse with the caller viathe mobile communication device, causing a full duplex communicationpath to be established between the mobile communication device and thecaller; connecting the call to a computer-based telecommunicationsclient application in half-duplex mode, wherein the subscriber can hearthe caller and the caller cannot hear the subscriber; and if anindication is provided that the subscriber wants to converse with thecaller via the computer-based telecommunications client application,causing, at least in part, a full duplex talk path to be establishedbetween the computer-based telecommunications client application and thecaller so that the caller and the subscriber can converse.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described withreference to the drawings summarized below. These drawings and theassociated description are provided to illustrate example embodiments ofthe invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 is an example of a typical screen for a control panel.

FIG. 3 is a more detailed version of the communication path of thesystem of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the call handling process.

FIG. 5 is the process of locating the subscriber.

FIG. 6 is an expansion of FIG. 3 showing how a Telco central office canbe connected by way of wireless connections or by way of land lineconnections to the server.

FIG. 7 is a sequence of steps on a flow chart indicating the handling ofa call.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a series of steps in the handling ofincoming telephone calls.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating further steps in the call handlingflow chart.

FIG. 10 is a sequence of steps in a flow chart.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart for steps in deciding how the subscriber answersa call.

FIG. 12 illustrates calling back into the central server while anincoming call is being held at the server.

FIG. 13 is a sequence of steps in a method flow chart illustratingcapturing the dynamic profile of a subscriber.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram indicating how the system can handleundesired incoming calls.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second embodiment of thecall control system of the present invention.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example telecommunications system that can beused in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 further details the subsystems that comprise the IAM systemdepicted in FIG. 16 described above.

FIG. 18 displays an example menu of call screening/handling optionsavailable to the called party during the processing of the inbound call.

FIGS. 19A-19B illustrate a first example call screening process inaccordance with the present invention.

FIGS. 20A-20B illustrate a second example call screening process inaccordance with the present invention.

FIG. 21 illustrates an example call transfer process.

FIG. 22 illustrates a call transfer process with respect to the caller.

FIG. 23 illustrates a call transfer process with respect to the calledparty.

FIG. 24 illustrates another call process.

FIGS. 25A-B illustrate another call process exemplifying the use ofLocation Based Services.

FIG. 26 illustrates an example call transfer process usingauto-callback.

FIG. 27 illustrates a first example call flow.

FIG. 28 illustrates a second example call flow.

FIG. 29 illustrates a third example call flow.

FIG. 30 illustrates a fourth example call flow.

FIG. 31 illustrates a fifth example call flow.

FIG. 32 illustrates a first example user interface.

FIG. 33 illustrates a first example user interface.

FIG. 34 illustrates a first example user interface.

FIG. 35 illustrates a first example user interface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present invention are directed methods and systemsfor providing call screening and/or call forwarding/transfer inconjunction with a variety of network-based telephone call answeringprocesses and services.

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the organization of oneembodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a first entity 20connected to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 21. A secondentity 22 is also connected to the PSTN 21. The second entity 22 isillustrated as having a first device 23 indirectly connected to theInternet 26 through a PSTN 21 provided dial-up connection shared withthe telephone of the second entity 22. The second entity 22 is alsoshown to have a second device 24 directly connected to the Internet 26.Both devices host a software based Command Center 25. The devices may ormay not be logged onto the Internet 26. FIG. 1 also shows a localexchange switch 27 connected to the PSTN 21. The system directs the calland the call information of the first entity 20 through the PSTN 21 tothe local exchange switch 27 and then to a gateway 28; said gateway canbe implemented as a local gateway 28A near the switching system 27 or acentralized gateway 28B near the server 29. The gateway forwards thecall information to the Server (or array of Servers) 29 which thencommunicates to the Command Center 25 over an Internet Protocolconnection that is by a plurality of means, including a single phoneline dial up connection (e.g. as shown in the case of the first device23) an always on landline home connection (for example as shown in thecase of the second device 24) an always on landline office connection oran always on wireless connection. The Server 29 and the Command Center25 then interact to coordinate the dialog with the first entity 20 overthe PSTN 21 and the second entity 22 over the appropriate device 23 or24.

Referring now to FIG. 2 of the drawings, an example of a typical screenfor command center 25 a control panel is shown. It should be understoodthat the control panel may have messages on it other than the ones shownin the figure. The control panel of FIG. 2 would typically show up in asmall area of the monitor screen of the subscriber's device desktop(e.g. computer) 23 & 24. For example, the control panel of FIG. 2 mayoccupy only a 1 inch by 2 inch corner of the screen. The control panelof FIG. 2 displays status of the incoming call and allows the secondentity 22 to coordinate interactions with the server 29. The commandcenter interface supports a plurality of call control inputs includinga) no input b) transfer call over circuit switching network c) take callover Internet Protocol d) reoriginate the call over circuit switched orInternet Protocol network e) have the server interact with the caller toprovide information or record the audible signal.

Referring now to FIG. 3 of the drawings, there is shown a more detailedversion of the communication path of the system of the presentinvention. An incoming call is illustrated as being directed to a hometelephone number 30 in the Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) which ispassed on to the POTS Network 31. The POTS Network 31 is shown connectedto a Signaling System 7 (SS7) 32. The telephone system employs what isknown as Common Channel Signaling (CCS). This is a signaling system usedin telephone networks that separates signaling information from userdata. A specified channel is exclusively designated to carry signalinginformation for all other channels in the system. The SS7 32 is one ofthe standard CCS systems used by the telephone company. The SS7 32 isconnected to the central server 28. The SS7 32 normally connects betweencentral offices. Because the present invention uses the SS7 32, itappears to be a central office to the telephone companies. The systemcan be or act as a class 5 telephone office. A message store memory 33is located at the central server 29 for storing messages. The centralserver 29 communicates through the internet 26 to the personal desktopcomputer 25 of the client. The central server 29 is shown as alsocommunicating to a second client having a personal desktop computer 34.A call merger 39 connects from the Internet 26 to a telephoneinstrument.

When an incoming call comes in to the home telephone number 30, thecentral server 29 interacts with the caller. It makes a record, of thecaller's telephone number or prompts the caller to unblock the telephoneso as to give the caller's telephone number. The central server 29 maygive the caller options that can be answered by a touch tone response,or it may ask for a voice message to be passed on to the subscriber. Ifan audio message is given to the central server 29, that message ispassed along using Voice Over IP (VOIP) which is used in the telephonesystem and over the internet. The letters IP stand for InternetProtocol.

Teleconferencing over the internet is done using a standard developed bythe International Telecommunications Union (ITU). This standard is knownas ITU-T H.323. This provides for audio and video in a teleconferencingcontext. From the standpoint of VOIP, the video component of theteleconferencing signal is ignored and only the audio is used. Thispermits audio to be transferred from the incoming call at the hometelephone number 30 to the client's personal desktop computer 25. Theclient can listen to the message from the incoming call before making adecision as to the handling of the call. The server communicates to acommand center running on a multiplicity of platforms and providing acontrol interface to the second entity. The command center is a softwareand device solution that can be hosted alternatively on a personalcomputer, a handheld computing device, a wireless telephone, atelevision, a web interface appliance, or a command center server usingvoice and DTMF tone interaction with a telephone device.

Referring now to FIG. 4, there is shown a schematic diagram of the callhandling process. Box 35 indicates the arrival of an incoming call. Theoptions may include forward the call, call forward no-answer, forwardthe call always, and it may provide for switching the call to adifferent telephone number, for example that of a cell phone or otherdevice. The caller may be presented with voice mail type options. Forexample, if you wish to talk with Mr. Jones, press 1, if you wish totalk with Mrs. Jones press 2, if you wish to talk with Susie Jones press3. The caller may be required to give a touch tone ID, or to provide atouch tone ID of the called party. The dialog process is for the purposeof obtaining as much information as possible as to who is calling, whichfamily member is being called, and why. The caller may be asked to speaka message into the telephone as would be done with an answering machine.This message is recorded and passed on to the subscriber so that he canlisten to it to aid him in making the call handling decision. As shownat box 37, the caller's telephone number is noted by the central server29, or the caller is prompted to unblock the telephone number. Box 36indicates that a dialog is conducted by the central server 29 with thecaller. Box 38 shows the call handling decision. The system identifiesthe first entity by the following methods: detecting caller ID and orcalled number information from the call information received from theswitch, by means of voice prompts from the system and tone response fromthe first entity by which the first entity identifies their number, orthe person whom they are calling, or by means of capturing an audiblesignal from the first entity.

The central server 29 may go through a process of locating thesubscriber. This is illustrated in FIG. 5. This service is sometimesreferred to as find me/follow me. As indicated in FIG. 5, the subscribermay have his home number logged on line for the Internet as indicated inblock 40. However, the subscriber may have an additional home number asshown in block 41 or the subscriber may have a business number as shownin block 42. The subscriber may have a personal number as in block 43,or a special number classed as a single purpose number as in block 44.In addition the subscriber may have a cell phone 45 or a pager 46.

It should be understood that as the central server 29 goes through theprocesses of locating the subscriber, the caller is not aware of any ofthe procedures that the central server 28 is going through. The calleris unaware of any of the special numbers that the subscriber may have,or equipment such as pagers or cell phones.

It is not necessary for the equipment used by the system such as thecentral server 29 to be located close to the subscriber or close to thecalled number. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the POTS Network 31 canbe connected through a Telco central office 47 via the SS7 32 by way ofwireless connections 48 or by way of land line connections 50 to theserver 29 at a remote location.

It should be understood that the message store memory 33 shown in FIG. 3may include a list of numbers that the subscriber wishes to speak toalways. These may be family members, or business partners, or the like.These may be added to at the subscriber's discretion. Other instructionsfor call handling may be recorded in the message store memory 33. One ofthe first things done by the central server 29 is to check to see ifthere are special instructions for handling of a given incoming call.FIG. 7 shows a sequence of steps on a flow chart indicating the handlingof a call. The first box 51 is “begin”. Box 52 is “placing a call from afirst entity to a second entity”. Box 53 is “receiving the call at alocal exchange switch”. The next step is shown in box 54 as “identifyinga number of the first entity”. Box 55 is “directing the call and thenumber of the first entity to a gateway”. Box 56 is “directing the call,call information, and the number of the first entity to a server”. Box57 is “determining whether the Command Center of the second entity iscommunicating with the server”. Box 58 is “sending a message to theCommand Center indicating the presence of a call and identifying thenumber of the first entity and the number of the second entity”. Box 60is “directing the call to one of a plurality of telephonic devicesaccording to the number of the second entity” and the last block on FIG.7 is box 61 “end”.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a series of steps in the handling ofincoming telephone calls. The first block 62 is “begin”. Block 63 is“receiving at the server a command from the command center to have theserver answer the call”. Block 64 is “answering the call through theserver”. Block 65 is “playing a message”. Block 66 is “recording amessage from the call”. Block 67 is “storing the message from the callin the server”. The last block is 68 “end”.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating further steps in the call handlingflow chart. The first block 70 is “begin”. Block 71 is “determiningwhether special instructions are stored in the computer regardingforwarding calls”. Block 72 is “forwarding the call to a numberdesignated by the second entity”. Block 73 is “end”.

As has been indicated hereinbefore, an audible message from the callermay be played to the subscriber to aid him in making a decision forhandling the call. However, the subscriber may also record messages, andthese messages may be played to the caller as well. There may be anumber of different messages depending upon the circumstances, and thesemay be selectively played as desired. Referring now to FIG. 10, there isshown a sequence of steps in a flow chart. Block 74 is “begin”. Block 75is “recording a plurality of different audio greetings”. Block 76 is“storing said audio greetings in a memory storage device”. Block 77 is“playing a preselected one of said audio greetings to a caller ondemand”. Block 78 is “end”. Referring now to FIG. 11, this FIG. shows aflow chart for steps in deciding how the subscriber answers a call. Thefirst block 80 is “begin”. Block 81 is “developing a data base ofimportant telephone numbers”. Block 82 is “answering a call by theserver only if the line is busy and the caller number is in the database”. Block 83 is “permitting the subscriber to monitor a message fromthe caller audibly over the Internet”. Block 84 is “permitting thesubscriber to make a decision how to handle the call over the Internet”.Block 85 is “permitting the subscriber to specify: always, or this timeonly, connect the call, transfer the call, take a message, or terminatethe call”. Block 86 is “end”.

The client or subscriber has many ways to deal with an incoming call. Hecan elect not to answer and to take a message, or he can have the callplayed through the personal desktop computer 25 and talk to the callervia the Internet 26, or he can have the call transferred to a differentinstrument such as a second telephone 24 (FIG. 1) or a cell phone 45(FIG. 5). There is another way for the subscriber to handle a call.While the central server 29 is holding the call, the client can pick upa cell phone or a regular POTS phone and call in to the central server29 and have a call cross-connect right there. This is illustrated inFIG. 12. This FIG. illustrates an incoming call arriving at the centralserver 29. It is connected to the Internet 26 and to the client'spersonal desktop computer 25. Then, the client may elect to make a POTSinbound call to the server 87. This means, for example, picking up acell phone or a regular POTS phone and dialing the number to the centralserver 29. At the central server 29, a call cross-connect is made, andthe client can talk to the caller making the incoming call.

The central server 29 is able to capture and store the dynamic profileof the subscriber's rules for treatment of incoming calls. This isillustrated in FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a sequence of steps in a method flowchart. Block 90 is “begin”. Block 91 is “monitoring and screeningincoming calls based on properties such as call type, caller number,called number, time of day, family member called”. Block 92 is “locatingsubscriber using find me, follow me, first or second home phone,business phone, cell phone and various Internet devices”. Block 93 is“allowing subscriber to specify call treatment, e.g., connect the call,transfer the call, take a message”. Block 94 is “observing and notingsubscriber treatment of call”. Block 95 is “profiling dynamically calltreatment by subscriber”. Block 96 is “reviewing by subscriber ofsuggested call handling rules”. The subscriber is not asked to enter hisrules for handling calls but rather the subscriber is presented withrules determined implicitly by the central server 28. The subscriberthen has an opportunity to approve or to reject the proposed rules.Block 97 is “capturing and storing dynamic profile of subscriber calltreatment”. This dynamic profile may be stored in the message storememory 33 of the central server 28. In addition an address book may becompiled at that same location so that if the subscriber wishes to placea call, or to return a call following a telephone message, it is easy toinitiate using the numbers logged in the address book in the messagestore memory 33 of the central server 28. In FIG. 13, the last block 98is “end”.

The central server 28 of the system of the present invention graduallybecomes more useful to the subscriber as it learns the subscriber'sprofile. This profiling also adds another dimension to the system of thepresent invention. This is an advertising or media dimension. Theprofiling creates a community of users. People that call each other onthe telephone have a community of interests. Thus the profilinginformation that is stored becomes, in effect, a collaborative filterbased on telephone numbers. Recording of calls made to other numbersindicates similar patterns of behavior. This is based on sharedinterests. Thus, this gradual interactive development of a profile basedon decisions made by the client may be used for advertising purposes, ifdesired.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram indicating how the system can handleundesired incoming calls. At the left of FIG. 14 there is illustrated anincoming call 35. The call is coupled to a detector for detecting phone“spam” 100. The incoming call 35 is also connected to a detector fordetecting nuisance calls 101. Both of these types of telephone calls areunsolicited, unwanted, and undesirable types of calls. When these typesof calls are detected, they are forwarded to block 102 which initiates a“rude” hang-up. This type of hang-up would have an audible message tothe caller saying something such as “never call again”. Then, the signalis passed on to block 103 which terminates the call.

Typically, the system only answers calls for the client when theclient's telephone line is busy and he is logged on the Internet.However it can be arranged for the system to answer all of the client'sincoming calls. This is illustrated in FIG. 15. FIG. 15 is a schematicdiagram illustrating a second embodiment of the call control system ofthe present invention. In this embodiment of the invention, the hardconnection from the POTS to the subscriber is broken. This is done bythe central server system providing a virtual phone number to the clientwithout providing a telephone instrument. This is illustrated in block104. The virtual telephone number is given to the client who optionallyuses it in his advertising so that all calls will be made to that numberbut in fact those calls will be intercepted by the system of the presentinvention.

Throughout the following description, the term “Web site” is used torefer to a user-accessible network site that implements the basic WorldWide Web standards for the coding and transmission of hypertextualdocuments. These standards currently include HTML (the Hypertext MarkupLanguage) and HTTP (the Hypertext Transfer Protocol). It should beunderstood that the term “site” is not intended to imply a singlegeographic location, as a Web or other network site can, for example,include multiple geographically distributed computer systems that areappropriately linked together. Furthermore, while the followingdescription relates to an embodiment utilizing the Internet and relatedprotocols, other networks, such as networked interactive televisions,and other protocols may be used as well. In addition, unless otherwiseindicated, the functions described herein are preferably performed byexecutable code and instructions running on one or more general-purposecomputers. However, the present invention can also be implemented usingspecial purpose computers, state machines, and/or hardwired electroniccircuits. In addition, a communications line is referred to as “busy”when the communication line is being utilized in such a way that aconventional incoming call will not be connected to the communicationsline. Thus, for example, if a user is utilizing a conventional linecapable of only conducting one of a conventional voice session and adata session, but not both at the same time, for a data session, theline will be busy. With respect to the example processes disclosedherein, not all states need to be reached, and the states do notnecessarily need to be performed in the same order as that illustrated.Unless otherwise specified, the term phone number refers generally to atelephonic address, such as, without limitation, a standard POTstelephone number, an E.164 phone number (ITU-T recommendation whichdefines the international public telecommunication numbering plan andtelephone format used in the PSTN and certain data networks), or a VoIPaddress.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example telecommunications system that can beused in accordance with the present invention. As illustrated, thetelecommunications system includes:

-   -   a plurality of user telephone stations 1102, 1112.    -   a plurality of user computer terminals 1110.    -   a call processing system 1124 that acts as an Internet Answering        Machine (IAM) system.

These devices are linked together using various line and trunk circuitsto a Public Switched Network (PSTN) 1104 and to a common data network,such as the Internet 1106.

FIG. 17 further decomposes the IAM system 1124 into its functionalcomponents:

-   -   a Call Management (CM) subsystem 1108, which serves as the        interface to the PSTN 1104 to manage inbound and outbound        telephone calls.    -   a Router subsystem 1140, which serves as the interface to the        Internet 1106 to manage communications between online IP client        devices and the various IAM servers.    -   an online presence detection Internet Session Management (SM)        subsystem 1122, which monitors the status of subscriber data        terminals to determine availability for call handling services.    -   a shared Media Storage (MS) subsystem 1138, which persistently        archives the caller's voice messages and the called        party/subscriber's personal greeting(s).    -   an IAM Database (DB) subsystem 1136 in which called        party/subscriber IAM service parameters are stored.

These various subsystems are interconnected via a Local Area Network(LAN) and/or via a Wide Area Network (WAN). CallWave, Inc. operates onesuch IAM system. As is well known in the field of Internettelecommunications, an IAM service works with the “Call Forward On Busy”feature of a standard phone line to answer calls while the subscriber isonline and is using the phone line to access the Internet. Onceactivated, callers no longer get annoying busy signals when thesubscriber is online. Instead, callers hear a brief greeting after whichthey can leave a short message. The recording can be streamed insubstantially real-time or sent to the subscriber over the Internetwithin seconds after the recording has completed. Just like a hometelephone answering machine, the subscriber can elect to interact withthe caller while they are still on the line or can call them back at alater time.

Referring back to FIG. 16, the user telephone stations 1102, 1112 arerespectively connected to local exchange switches 1126, 1128 viatelephone lines 134, 1114. The stations 1102, 1112 can optionally beconventional POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) telephones or localextensions behind a corporate Private Branch Exchange (PBX), or can bewireless cellular phones connected via a cellular or other wirelessnetwork.

The telephone stations 1102, 1112 can be coupled to the same switch ordifferent switches. If the telephone stations 1102, 1112 are coupled tothe same switch, the switch will be local to both the calling and calledparties, such as for intra-LATA or local calls. If telephone stations1102, 1112 are coupled to different switches, each switch may be localonly to one of the parties, as is the case for non-local calls such asinter-LATA (long-distance) calls. The PSTN can be configured to handlemobile, wireless stations via wireless communications towers configuredto broadcast and receive cellular radio frequency communications. Thewireless towers can be, for example and without limitation, CDMA or GSMcellular mobile base stations.

In the illustrated embodiment, the CM subsystem 1108 is coupled into thePSTN 1104 through voice trunk circuits 1118 directly interfacing withthe Inter Exchange Carrier's (IXC) circuit switched or packet switchedtelephony network. Thus, advantageously the IAM system 1124 does nothave to be directly serviced by the same Local Exchange Carrier's (LEC)switch or PBX as the calling or called terminals 1102 and 1112. Indeed,the IAM system 1124 or its individual subsystem components can belocated in a different country than the called and calling parties. Inthis instance, the IAM system 1124 is optionally configured as, or toappear as, a telephone end office and can interface with the PSTN 1104as a Class 5 switch. In other embodiments, the IAM system 1124 islocally attached to a LEC switch with a physical line or local trunkinterface circuit. This switch may or may not be serving telephonestations 1102 and/or 1112.

The IAM voice trunk circuits 1118 are not limited to a particularsignaling convention. For example, the present invention can be utilizedwith a Common Channel Signaling system, such as Signaling System 7(SS7), having separate voice/user data and signaling channels. Inaddition, the present invention can be used with other signalingmethods, such as the following trunk-side signaling interfaces:ISDN-PRI; Advanced Intelligent Network; and/or Service Nodearchitectures. Preferably, the selected signaling system provides asuite of call presentation information to the IAM system 1124, includingone or more of:

-   -   ANI—Automatic Number Identification: phone number and privacy        indicator of the calling party (“Caller-ID”).    -   DNIS—Dialed Number Identification: phone number of the IAM        system's voice trunks 1118 that the call was forwarded to.    -   OCN—Original Called Number Identification: phone number of the        original called party (subscriber to the IAM service).    -   Call Type—Forwarded call due to a BCF, RNA, or DND/CFA        condition. In addition, directly dialed inbound calls can be        handled as well. In this instance, the caller will be required        to implement a second stage of dialing to enter the subscriber's        phone number or the subscriber could be assigned a unique        personal number that is directly dialed by their callers.

The telephone lines 134, 1114 may be shared with one or more computerterminals. For example, telephone terminal 1112 shares the telephoneline 1114 with a computer terminal 1110. While in the illustratedexample the computer terminal 1110 is a personal computer, the computerterminal 1110 can be an interactive television, a networked-enabledpersonal digital assistant (PDA), other IP (Internet Protocol) device,or the like. Alternatively, the computer terminal 1110 can be a personalcomputer having a monitor, keyboard, a mouse, a disk drive, sound cardor similar sound reproduction circuitry such as a codec, streaming mediaplayback software, such as the Media Player program available fromMicrosoft, speakers, and a modem, such as a standard V.90 56K dial-upmodem. The modem can optionally be configured to dial-up a number undercontrol of an application, such as a contact manager application ortelecommunications client application phone dialer, stored and executingon the computer terminal 1110.

The telephone line 1114, can be used to establish a dial-up connectionfor computer terminals, such as terminal 1110 via the computer modem, toan Internet Service Provider (ISP) offering dial-in remote accessservice connections from the PSTN 1104 via trunk interface circuits1120. The computer terminal 1110 can also be connected to the Internet1106 via a broadband connection, such as a DSL line, a television cableline, or a T1 line.

In addition, the computer terminal 1110 can be equipped with a Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP) software module and a headset or a handset1132, including a microphone and speaker, allowing voice communicationsto be conducted over a computer network, such as the Internet 1106. VoIPcommunicates information via packet switching, which opens a connectionjust long enough to send a small packet of data. Each packet includes adestination address informing the network where to send the packet alongwith the actual voice data payload. If the receiving station is also aVoIP terminal, then when the receiving terminal receives the packets,VoIP software executing on the receiving terminal reassembles thepackets into the original data stream. The data stream is then convertedto a voice signal. If the receiving station is a conventional telephone,then a VoIP gateway converts the packets into a voice signal that isthen connected to the PSTN 1104.

In one embodiment, the VoIP process is performed using the H.323standardized protocol established by the InternationalTelecommunications Union (ITU). Advantageously, H.323 providesspecifications for real-time, interactive videoconferencing, datasharing and audio applications such as IP telephony. Alternatively, theSession Initiation Protocol (SIP), established by the InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF), can be used. SIP is generally moreefficient than the H.323 protocol as SIP is specifically intended for IPtelephony. Alternatively, proprietary protocols could be deployed wheremulti-vendor interoperability is not required.

Optionally residing and executing on the computer terminal 1110 is acommunications management Client application 1116. The Clientapplication 1116 is used to provide enhanced communication services, asdiscussed in greater detail below. The Client application 1116 isconnected to and communicates with the IAM system 1124 via the Internet1106, other public wide area computer networks, or the like.

The IAM system 1124 optionally hosts a Web site used by subscribers ofthe IAM service to setup and manage their accounts, to view informationabout incoming calls, and to instruct the IAM system 1124 on how toroute incoming calls to one or more destination stations. Many of thesesame functions can be implemented by the Client application 1116 aswell.

The CM subsystem 1108 manages communications with the Client application1116 and with forwarded calls. The CM subsystem 1108 can interact withcallers and called parties through voice prompts, voice commands, and/orDTMF (dual tone multi frequency) touch-tone entries. The CM subsystem1108 is optionally configured to perform additional functions, such asacting as a telephone answering system that answers calls, playingoutgoing greetings and announcements, recording incoming messages, andbridging calls. In addition, as will be described in greater detailbelow, the CM subsystem 1108 further provides a call screening process.

The SM subsystem 1122 monitors the Internet for online IP devicesregistered to IAM subscribers to determine their availability forhandling inbound call screening and call handling services. When a useror subscriber connects to the Internet using, for example, a dial-upISP, the Client application 1116 executing on the subscriber's computerterminal 1110 makes the subscriber's online presence known to the IAMsystem 1124. Presence detection can be performed by the SM subsystem1122 polling or pinging the computer terminal 1110 via thetelecommunications Client application 1116, or by the telecommunicationsClient application 1116 transmitting a “Login/I'm alive” message andsubsequent periodic “keep alive” messages to the SM subsystem 1122. Justprior to the normal termination of the online Internet session, theClient application 1116 sends a “Logout” message to the SM subsystem1122. Abnormal Internet session termination conditions are detected bythe SM subsystem 1122 timing out the expected Client “Keep alive”message.

If, rather than using a dial-up connection, the user or subscriber isusing a broadband, always on-connection, such as via a DSL line or cablemodem, the Client application 1116 becomes active when the computer 1110is turned on or powered up and stays on until the user manually shutsdown the Client application 1116, or the computer 1110 is turned off orpowered down.

FIGS. 19A-19B illustrate one example embodiment of the presentinvention, including an abstraction of the previously describedtelecommunications system and an example call flow diagram. For clarity,the detailed breakout of the network elements and individual subsystemsof the IAM system 1124 illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17 are not shown inFIG. 19A. In this example, the calling party is associated withtelephone terminal 1102 and the called party is associated with terminal1112. In this embodiment, the called party is subscribed to an Internetcall answering service that forwards calls to the remote IAM system 1124upon the occurrence of selected conditions, wherein the IAM system 1124transmits a notification to the called party regarding the call.

With reference to FIG. 16, the called party's station 1102 has beenconfigured with the local switching system 1128 to forward calls on busy(BCF), ring-no-answer (RNA), or do-not-disturb (DND) to the voice trunkcircuits 1118 connecting the CM subsystem 1108 to the PSTN 1104. Thecalling party initiates a call using the calling party telephone station1102 by dialing the number of a called party's phone line 1114. The PSTN1104 routes this call to the called party's local switching system 1128causing the called party's telephone terminal 1112 to either ring or toforward the call immediately if the line 1114 is busy or set todo-not-disturb. If, for example, the called party does not answer withina certain amount of time or after a certain amount of rings, theassociated switching system 1128 detects a no-answer condition andinvokes a switch operation command termed “call forwarding on RNA”. Thecall is then forwarded to a phone number of the CM subsystem 1108.

Based at least in part on the OCN of the forwarded call (i.e. theoriginal called party's phone number), the CM subsystem 1108 queries theSM subsystem 1122 to determine whether the called party is a registeredsubscriber, is online or offline, and what the subscriber's callhandling preferences are. If the called party's computer 1110 is online,the CM subsystem 1108 opens a communication channel over the publicInternet 1106 to the Client application 1116 running on the calledparty's computer terminal 1110. The Caller-ID of the calling party, ifavailable, and if not designated as private, is transmitted to theClient application 1116 and is displayed to the subscriber along with anoptional sound notification. The sound notification can be in the formof ringing produced using the called party's computer terminal 1110speakers.

The CM subsystem 1108 proceeds to play a greeting to the calling party.The greeting can be a “canned” greeting or a personalized greetingpreviously recorded by the subscriber and stored in the MS subsystem1138. The CM subsystem 1108 records and stores the caller's message inthe MS subsystem 1138, while simultaneously “streaming” the messagespeech through the opened Internet channel to the Client application1116 on the called party's computer terminal 1110. The Clientapplication 1116 uses the computer terminal's codec to play the streamedspeech through the speakers on the called party's computer terminal 110,thereby allowing the called party to listen to and screen the call.Optionally, to prevent the calling party from hearing any sounds made bythe called party during the screening process, the audio return pathover the Internet channel to the CM subsystem 1108 is muted.

While monitoring the Caller-ID of the incoming call, via the IncomingCall field illustrated in FIG. 18 for example, and listening to thecorresponding streaming message, the called party is presented with oneor more of the following options (see FIG. 18 which depicts an exampleClient application popup dialog menu):

-   -   1. do nothing.    -   2. pickup (answer) the call to talk to the caller using a        software telephone running on the “home PC” (the computer        terminal 1110).    -   3. pickup (answer) the call to talk to the caller using the        “home phone” on the phone line used to connect to the Internet        (the user telephone station 1112).    -   4. pickup (answer) the call to talk to the caller after        transferring the call to an alternate phone or to an alternate        PC.    -   5. continue screening the call after transferring it to an        alternate phone or to an alternate PC.    -   6. terminate the call substantially immediately—with a do not        disturb message.    -   7. do not answer the call.

The called party may choose to ignore the incoming call. For example,the call may not have been urgent enough to interrupt what they aredoing or the call may have been intended for another member of thehousehold. Under option (1), the called party can close the callhandling options dialog box illustrated in FIG. 18 using the “CLOSE”option, thereby informing the IAM system 1124 that no furtherinstructions for caller interaction will be forthcoming. Alternatively,the called party, having screened, the Caller-ID of the incoming calland/or the associated caller's message, can simply continue doing whatthey were doing before the call arrived. After the caller has left acomplete message, as indicated by the caller terminating the call orafter a predetermined recording time period, the IAM system 1124downloads the recorded message to the subscriber's computer terminal1110 and updates the Client application's call log, which lists thecalls handled by the IAM system 1124 for the called party. The messageis archived in the MS subsystem 1138 and is also available locally onthe computer terminal 1110 for playback at the called party'sconvenience.

Under option (2), the called party may decide to pickup the call inprogress to talk to the calling party using the computer terminal 1110.Having screened the call, the called party can signal the IAM system1124 to indicate a desire to talk to the calling party using VoIP. Forexample, the called party can activate the “HOME PC (VoIP)” optiondisplayed in FIG. 18. After the called party has selected option (2),the Client application 1116 sends an instruction by way of anInternet-based client/server control message to the IAM system 1124.Upon receiving the instruction, the IAM system 1124 interrupts therecording and streaming process and plays a canned audio prompt to thecalling party. The audio prompt can be, for example, “please hold whileyour call is being connected,” followed by audible ringing. The IAMsystem 1124 then bridges, in full duplex mode, the inbound call from thecalling party to the CM subsystem 1108 with the outbound VoIP call fromthe CM subsystem 1108 to the called party computer 1110.

The IAM system 1124 will stay bridged between the calling party andcalled party for the duration of the call and may respond to internalevents or called party actions. For example, the IAM system 1124 canselectively interrupt the bridged call if a time limit is exceeded andplay an announcement to notify the calling party and/or the called partythat the call will be terminated shortly. The IAM system 1124 can alsoinitiate or transmit a warning message directly to the Clientapplication 1116 that then displays a visual notice regarding calltermination or the like on the called party's computer terminal 1110.

FIGS. 19A-19B illustrate an example call process workflow that can beused when a called party is online and can answer screened calls via aVoIP session. In this example, after screening the call, the calledparty agrees to talk directly to the caller. Of course, after screeningthe call the called party could have elected to decline the call. Withreference to FIGS. 19A-19B, at state 1401, the calling party phone 1102(hereinafter, referred to as the “calling party”) calls the called partyphone line 1114 connected to the telephone 1112 and computer 1110. Inthis example, the computer 1110 is using the phone line 1114 to accessthe Internet; i.e. the computer is online and hence the phone line isbusy.

At state 1402, the PSTN 1104 detects that the called party phone line1114 is busy. At state 1403, in accordance with a call forwardingservice, the PSTN 1104 forwards the call on busy to the IAM system 1124via the voice trunk circuits 1118. At state 1404, the IAM system 1124transmits an incoming call alert to the computer 1110 that is displayedto the called party by the Client application 1116. At the same time orshortly thereafter, at state 1405 the IAM system 1124 answers theforwarded incoming call. At state 1406, the PSTN 1104 establishes a fullduplex, 2-way talk path with the calling party. At state 1407, the IAMsystem 1124 plays a greeting to the calling party. At state 1408, thecalling party optionally begins leaving a voice message that is recordedby the IAM system 1124. Alternatively, similar to a telephone answeringmachine, the calling party can begin speaking to the called party evenwhile the IAM system 1124 is playing the greeting. At state 1409 the IAMsystem 1124 begins streaming the message being left by the calling partyin substantially real-time to the Client application 1116 or other mediaplayer executing on the computer 1110, which then plays the message tothe called party.

At state 1410 of FIGS. 19A-19B, the IAM system 1124 generates a tone orother audio signal to indicate to the calling party that the callingparty should begin recording a message. At state 1411, the calling partybegins leaving a voice message. At state 1412, the IAM system 1124begins streaming the message being left by the calling party insubstantially real-time to the Client application 1116 or other mediaplayer executing on the computer 1110, which plays the message to thecalled party.

At state 1413, the called party notifies the IAM system 1124 that thecalled party wants to take the call. At state 1414, the LAM system 1124interrupts the calling party, via a tone or voice notification. At state1415, the IAM system 1124 requests that the calling party hold or waitwhile the IAM system 1124 connects the calling party to the calledparty. At state 1416, the IAM system 1124 bridges the calling party withthe called party computer 1110, via the VoIP software module 1130, byestablishing a VoIP session. This entails bridging the two callstogether through the IAM system so that the caller and the called partycan converse (state 1417):

-   -   the inbound call from the calling party 1102 connected into the        CM subsystem 1108 through the PSTN 1104; is bridged with    -   the outbound call from the CM subsystem 1108 connected through        the Router subsystem 1140 and the Internet 1106 to the VoIP        session running on the subscriber's computer terminal 1110.

Either party can terminate the call at state 1418 by hanging up theirtelephone (calling party station set 1102, or the called party canterminate the VoIP session on the computer terminal 110). At state 1419,the IAM system 1124 releases the bridging resources and signalscompletion of the call by sending a corresponding control message to thecalled party which is either displayed or played to the called party viathe Client application 1116.

In another embodiment, the SM subsystem 1122 detects the presence of thecalled party on different IP devices, such as other computers orweb-enabled cellular phones, at other locations. For example, thesession manager SM subsystem 1122 optionally interfaces with otherinstant messaging services, such as:

AOL®s Instant Messenger™,

MSN®'s Instant Messenger™,

Yahoo!® Messenger,

ICQ

where presence of the called party can be detected on other IP networksand at other geographic locations. The same call/session dialogdescribed above is similarly performed in this embodiment.

Under option (3), the called party may decide to pickup the call inprogress to talk to the calling party via a POTS telephone, such as thetelephone terminal 1112. Having screened the call, the called party cansignal the IAM system 1124 to indicate a desire to talk to the callingparty. If the called party activates, by way of example, the “TALK @HOME” key illustrated in FIG. 18 with the Home Phone radio buttondepressed, the Client application 1116 sends an instruction to the IAMsystem 1124 and then substantially immediately terminates the calledparty's dial-up Internet session in order to make available the calledparty's phone line 1114. Upon receiving the instruction from the Clientapplication 1116, the IAM system 1124 interrupts the recording andstreaming process and plays a canned voice prompt, such as “please holdwhile your call is being connected,” followed by audible ringing. TheIAM system 1124 then proceeds to originate a new call on a free outboundvoice trunk 1118 from the IAM system 1124 to the called party's phoneline 1114. The call from the IAM system 1124 to the called party can bea local, intra-state, inter-state, or International PSTN call, asneeded. Optionally, the call originated by the IAM system 1124 is to bejurisdictionally interstate so as to be rated and billed or charged asan interstate call. For example, in one embodiment, a six digitInformation Element in the SS7 call setup message may be configured withthe geographic area code and prefix of the Call Processing IAM System1124 so as to cause the rating of the outgoing call to be Inter-staterather than Intra-state.

When the called party's phone line 1114 is answered a brief announcementis played to the called party and the IAM system 1124 then bridges, infull duplex mode, the inbound call between the calling party and IAMsystem 1124 with the outbound call between the IAM system 1124 andcalled party's line 1114.

In addition, the user can specify call handling rules that determine, atleast in part, the call treatment for an incoming call based on one ormore conditions. A rule can specify, for example, that if one or moreconditions are met for a call, the call will be processing in accordancewith a corresponding specified treatment. For example, the followingconditions and automatic treatments can be defined:

Conditions:

-   -   Time-of-Day (can include a range of times), Day of Week (can        include a range of days), Day of Year (holiday)    -   Calling Party Number (Caller ID, non-local area code, phone        type, caller    -   name)    -   Called Party Number    -   Subscriber presence (IP device)    -   Telephony presence (phone)

Treatments:

-   -   Take a voice message (using selective greeting(s))    -   Take the call on home PC    -   Take the call on home phone    -   Take the call on work phone    -   Take the call on another phone    -   Remote screen on another phone(s) or other device(s)    -   Block call (for example, using an audio message, a SIT tone or        the like)    -   Do not answer call    -   Multiparty conference

By way of example, a subscriber can specify that if a call from aspecified calling party number is received at a specified time of day(8:00-5:00), during the work week (Monday-Friday), the call should beforwarded to a specified phone, which can be the subscriber's workphone. By way of another example, a subscriber can specify that if acall to a specified phone number associated with the subscriber isreceived, on a holiday, remote screening should be performed using adifferent one of the subscriber's phone numbers.

If the call treatment specifies that the caller is to be connected tothe subscriber using a given device, the subscriber can optionally stillbe provided with the ability to manually specify further call treatment,such as similarly described above. For example, the called party can bepresented with one or more of the following options: take a voicemessage (using selective greeting(s)); take the call on home PC; takethe call on home phone; take the call on office phone; take the call onanother phone; remote screen on another phone(s) or other device(s);block call; do not answer call. Depending on the device the subscriberis currently using, the options can be provided via a visual menu, avoice menu, or the like.

FIGS. 20A-20B illustrate an example call process workflow that can beused when a called party requests to interrupt the caller message and totalk to the caller using the home telephone. With reference to FIGS.20A-20B, at state 1501, the calling party calls the called party phoneline 1114 connected to the telephone 1112 and computer 1110. In thisexample, the computer 1110 is using the phone line 1114 to access theInternet or other computer network, and so is online. At state 1502, thePSTN 1104 detects that the called party phone line 1114 is busy. Atstate 1503, in accordance with a call forwarding service, the PSTN 1104forwards the call on busy to the IAM system 1124 via the voice trunkcircuits 1118. At state 1504, the IAM system 1124 transmits an incomingcall alert to the computer 1110 that is displayed to the called party bythe Client application 1116. At the same time or shortly thereafter, atstate 1505 the IAM system 1124 answers the forwarded incoming call. Atstate 1506, the PSTN 1104 establishes a full duplex, 2-way talk pathwith the calling party. At state 1507, the IAM system 1124 plays agreeting to the calling party. At state 1508, the calling partyoptionally begins leaving a voice message that is recorded by the IAMsystem 1124. Once again, the calling party can begin speaking to thecalled party even while the IAM system 1124 is playing the greeting. Atstate 1509 the IAM system 1124 begins streaming the message being leftby the calling party in substantially real-time to the Clientapplication 1116 or other media player executing on the computer 110,that then plays the message to the called party.

At state 1510 of FIGS. 20A-20B, the IAM system 1124 generates a tone oraudible signal to indicate to the calling party that the calling partyshould begin recording a message. At state 1511, the calling partybegins leaving a voice message. At state 1512, the IAM system 1124begins streaming the message being left by the calling party insubstantially real-time to the Client application 1116 or other mediaplayer executing on the computer 110, which plays the message to thecalled party.

At state 1513, the called party notifies the IAM system 1124 that thecalled party wants to take the call via the home telephone 112, and theIAM system 1124 instructs the Client application 1116 to terminate theonline session of the computer 1110 by disconnecting from the Internet1106. At state 1514, the IAM system 1124 interrupts the calling party,via a tone or voice prompt. At state 1515, the IAM system 1124 requeststhat the calling party hold or wait while the IAM system 1124 connectsthe calling party to the called party. At state 1516, the Clientapplication 1116 terminates the online session of the computer 1110 bydisconnecting from the Internet 1106 thereby idling the called party'stelephone line 1114. At state 1517, the IAM system 1124 initiates a newcall to the called party phone 1112. At state 1518, the called partyanswers the new incoming call from the IAM system 1124. At state 1519,the IAM system 1124 generates a call announcement to the called and/orcalling party. At state 1520, the IAM system 1124 bridges the callbetween the calling party phone 1102 and the called party phone 1112.The calling and called parties can now conduct a normal telephoneconversation at state 1521. Again, either party can terminate the callby simply hanging up their telephone (state 1522). At state 1523, theIAM system 1124 then releases the bridging resources and terminates theremaining call by optionally notifying the calling/called party that theother party has hung up and then disconnecting the call.

Under option (4), the called party may decide to pickup the call inprogress to talk to the calling party using a communications deviceother than the telephone terminal 1112 or the computer 1110. Havingscreened the call, the called party signals the IAM system 1124 by, forexample, activating the “TALK REMOTELY” button option illustrated inFIG. 18, to indicate a desire to talk to the calling party. As similarlydiscussed above with respect to option (3), based on the called partyselecting option (4), the Client application 1116 sends a correspondinginstruction to the IAM system 1124 along with a specification of thedesired destination station phone number. The destination numberspecification can be an index into the subscriber's electronic phonebook or may literally be the desired destination phone number. Forexample, the called party can select via the “Would you like to TALK tothis caller” option that the called party wants to talk to the callingparty using the called party's cell phone, office phone, other phone, orat a phone associated with a phone number entered by the called party inthe “ENTER PHONE #” field.

Upon receiving the instruction from the Client application 1116, the IAMsystem 1124 interrupts the recording and streaming process and plays avoice prompt to the caller. The IAM system 1124 then proceeds tooriginate a new call on a free outbound voice trunk circuit 1118. Incontrast to option (3) described above, the Client application 1116 doesnot terminate the online Internet session of the subscriber's computerterminal 1110. In fact, the Client application 1116 may continue onlinecall monitoring operation while the above described transferred call isin progress. Multiple subsequent inbound calls could be simultaneouslyhandled in this manner.

By way of example and not limitation, the destination station of theoutbound call from the IAM system 1124 can include:

a wireless or cellular phone or device;

a called party's phone line and/or extension at work;

another POTS line of the called party (e.g. a second home phone number);or

a neighbor's or friend's phone line.

In addition, the called party can optionally specify the destinationstation by manually entering a phone number while the call is beingscreened. This new entry could be automatically journaled in an electricphone book available to the Client application 1116 or an extension tothe options menu could popup to query the subscriber to determine ifthis is desired. Alternatively, the called party selecting an existingentry from the phone book can optionally dynamically assign thedestination station. The phone book entries can be persistently storedlocally on the computer terminal 110, in a centralized medium like theIAM DB subsystem 1136, or in both.

Under option (5), the called party may decide to allow the call inprogress to be remotely screened using a communications device otherthan the telephone terminal 1112 or the computer 1110. This canoptionally be in addition to continued screening of this call on thesubscriber's computer 1110 or instead of continued screening of thiscall on the subscriber's computer 1110. The called party signals the IAMsystem 1124, using the “SCREEN REMOTELY” option illustrated in FIG. 18,to indicate a desire to remotely screen the incoming call. Once again,as similarly discussed with respect to options (3) and (4) above, basedon the called party selecting option (5), the Client application 1116sends a corresponding instruction to the IAM system 1124 along with aspecification of the desired destination phone number. The destinationnumber selection and specification is identical to that utilized inoption (4) above, however the Screen Remotely options are used, ratherthan the Talk Remotely options. For example, the called party can selectvia the “Would you like to SCREEN to this caller” option that the calledparty wants to screen the calling party using the called party's cellphone, office phone, other phone, or at a phone associated with a phonenumber entered by the called party in the “ENTER PHONE #” field.

Upon receipt of this instruction, the IAM system 1124 initiates anoutbound call from the CM subsystem to the specified destination phonenumber. The call setup signaling information for this outbound call ismodified by the IAM system 1124 to deliver the calling party number fromthe inbound call in the outbound call's ANI field. This allows theforwarded destination station to display the “original Caller-ID” to useas a first level filter for remotely screening the call. Should theremote called party decide to ignore this call, they simply do notanswer it and the IAM system 1124 will abort the transferred callattempt after a programmable time interval or a programmable number ofring cycles.

If the remote called party answers the transferred call, the IAM system1124 plays a brief greeting prompt to the remote party to announce theremote screening call in progress. The caller message streaming canstart at the beginning of the recording or cut over to live recording inreal time. The output talk path from the remote party back to the IAMsystem 1124 is active but is muted with respect to the original callingparty call. This allows the remote party to monitor the inbound callwithout the original calling party knowing that they are doing so. Ifthe remote party decides to pickup the call in progress to talk to thecalling party, they instruct the IAM system 1124 to bridge the two callstogether by depressing a DTMF key or by uttering a voice command. Uponreceiving this instruction, the IAM system 1124 interrupts the recordingand streaming process and plays a canned audio prompt to the callingparty. Once again, the audio prompt can be, for example, “please holdwhile your call is being connected,” followed by audible ringing. TheIAM system 1124 then bridges, in full duplex mode, the inbound call fromthe calling party to the CM subsystem 1108 with the outbound call fromthe CM subsystem 1108 to the remote called party station.

Once again, the IAM system 1124 will stay bridged between the callingparty and remote called party for the duration of the call and mayrespond to internal events or called party actions. For example, the IAMsystem 1124 can selectively interrupt the bridged call if a time limitis exceeded and play an announcement to notify the calling party and/orthe remote called party that the call will be terminated shortly. TheIAM system 1124 can also transmit a warning message (such as a shorttext message) over the Internet 1106 to the remote station set that thendisplays a visual notice regarding call termination or the like.

Under option (6), the called party may decide to not accept calls fromthe calling party. Having screened the call, the called party can signalthe IAM system 1124 to abort the caller's message recording and tocommunicate the request to not be called in the future. For example, thecalled party can activate the “BLOCK CALL” option illustrated in FIG.18. The called party can either select a do not answer option or a “Tellthem to TAKE ME OFF their list” option. As in the cases above, based ona user action the Client application 1116 sends a correspondinginstruction to the IAM system 1124. Upon receiving the “Tell them toTAKE ME OFF their list” instruction from the Client application 1116,the IAM system 1124 interrupts the recording and streaming process,plays a voice prompt to the caller, such as: “The person you have calleddoes not accept solicitations, please remove this phone number from yourcalling list. Thank you and goodbye.” The IAM system 1124 thendisconnects the call. The options dialog box could pop an additionalquery to determine if the subscriber would like the IAM system 1124 toalways apply this treatment to future calls from this Calling phonenumber. This automatic call handling rule would be stored in a table ofsubscriber preference settings local to the IAM system 1124 (for examplein a simple extension table of the subscriber's phone book). If directedto do so, the IAM system 1124 would automatically screen-out futurecalls from this caller and not “bother” the subscriber with needing tohandle them.

Option (7) is a variant of option (6). The called party can monitor theCaller-ID of the incoming call and decide to not accept calls from thiscalling party. The IAM system 1124 could be optionally configured todelay answering the incoming call for a fixed time interval or for aspecific number of ring cycles in order to allow the subscriber time toreview the Caller-ID. If the Client application 1116 instructs the IAMsystem 1124 to block the call in this manner before the incoming callhas been answered, the IAM system 1124 will ignore the call (i.e. let itring). If the Client application 1116 instruction comes after theincoming call has been answered, the IAM system 1124 will apply the calltreatment described above for option (6). Alternatively, the IAM system1124 could be configured to instead default to a standard Internetanswering call when the Client application 1116 instruction comes afterthe incoming call has already been answered. Once again, the optionsdialog box could pop an additional query to determine if the subscriberwould like the IAM system 1124 to always apply this treatment to futurecalls from this Calling phone number. Again, these automatic callhandling rules would be stored in the IAM system 1124 and, when directedto do so, the IAM system 1124 would automatically screen-out futurecalls from this caller and not “bother” the subscriber with needing tohandle them.

The above scenarios describe situations in which the called party'scomputer 1110 is on-line and serves as the initial IAM call screeningdevice. Alternatively, the IAM system 1124 could be configured toautomatically forward the call notification announcement and streamedcaller message to an alternate device such as a POTS or wirelesstelephone or another online IP device. This alternative call screeningdevice selection could be configured to vary based on the availabilityof the online presence of the called party's computer 1110 or alternateIP devices, on the Caller-ID of the calling party 1102, on the dialednumber for the Called party 112, on the reason that the call wasdirected to the IAM system 1124 (for example, call forwarding on busy,ring-no-answer, or do-not-disturb conditions), on time of day, day ofweek, etc. Configuration rules governing the automatic call handlingtreatment can be stored in the IAM DB subsystem 1136.

The following process describes a typical IAM call screening scenariowhen the called party's computer 1110 is offline. When the called numberforwards on busy, ring-no-answer, or do-not-disturb, and arrives on oneof the IAM voice trunks 1118 along with the signaling information, theCM subsystem queries the SM subsystem 1122 and/or the IAM DB subsystem1136 using the incoming call's OCN (the original called party number) todetermine that the call is for a registered subscriber, to determine thesubscriber's online/offline presence status, and to retrieve thatsubscriber's call handling preference rules. Assuming that thesubscriber has previously configured the account to handle divertedoffline calls, the IAM system carries out the specified call handlingtreatment. This could be simply to answer the call and take a message.Alternatively, it could include one of the seven call management optionspreviously described. For example, the subscriber may have specifiedthat automatic remote call screening on their cell phone was desiredwhen their home computer 1110 was not online. In this case, the CMsubsystem 1108 originates another call to the destination device, basedon the previously described configuration rules. Additionally, the CMsubsystem 1108 may optionally delay answering the incoming callingparty's call for a predetermined amount of time or number of rings. Thisgives the called party additional time to answer the call originatedfrom the CM subsystem 1108.

Normally, when the IAM system 1124 originates a call, the calling partyID passed in the SS7 and/or ISDN-PRI trunk signaling is the callingparty ID of the trunks originating the call. In one embodiment, the CMsubsystem 1108 modifies the network signaling to replace the callingparty ID of the trunks to be that of the phone number of the originalcalling party. Thus, a Caller-ID device will advantageously display thephone number of the original calling party. The call is processed in ananalogous above described fashion for handling a remote screening callforwarded by the subscriber from the online computer 1110 to a wirelessstation. If the called party answers the call, the IAM system 1124 playsa brief announcement of the call to the subscriber and the inbound callis answered by the IAM system 1124 (if not already answered due totimeout reasons). For example, the CM subsystem 1108 might announce thecall as “This is an Internet Answering Machine call for John Doe”. TheIAM system 1124 then bridges the inbound calling party call with theoutbound called party call. The IAM system 1124 optionally mutes thereturn talk path to prevent sound traveling back to the calling party sothat the calling party is unaware that their call is being screened.Preferably, though not required, the called party is bridged onto thecall as the called party is either listening to a personal/systemgreeting or, as the calling party is beginning to leave a message forthe called party. In this manner, the called party can further screenthe call.

Once the called party begins to screen the call, the called party maydecide not to connect to the calling party. The called party, havingscreened the caller who is in the process of leaving a message, can hangup, thereby terminating the bridged call without the calling party beingaware that the screening process took place. The calling party cancontinue to leave a message for the called party after the bridged callis terminated. Alternatively, the called party may decide to pickup theincoming call to talk to the calling party. Having screened the callingparty, the called party can signal the CM subsystem 1108, by entering atouch-tone signal or providing a voice command, to indicate a desire totalk to the calling party. The IAM system 1124 will then bridge in fullduplex mode the call between the calling party and CM subsystem 1108with the call between the CM subsystem 1108 and called party.

The IAM system 1124 will stay bridged between the calling party andcalled party. The IAM system 1124 can selectively interrupt the bridgedcall if a predetermined time limit is reached and play an announcementto the calling and/or the called party that the call will be terminatedshortly. Optionally, this announcement will only be played to the calledparty. In another case, the IAM system 1124 can selectively interruptthe bridged calls to announce to the called party that the call will beterminating unless the called party authorizes billing by entering atouch-tone command or by providing a verbal authorization to charge thecalled party's telephone number or a credit card.

In another embodiment, an external bridging system (hardware and/orsoftware), including a connecting switch, is used to bridge calls. TheCM subsystem 1108 can instruct the connecting switch located within thePSTN 1104 equipped with the call bridging system to create a 3-partyconference call between the calling party, the called party, and the IAMsystem. This process advantageously reduces the number of voice portsneeded on the IAM system 1124. In this scenario, the called party canoptionally signal the switch with touch-tone or voice commands to causethe IAM system 1124 to connect back into the bridged call.

The example embodiments described above referred to calls forwarded froma called party's line. Another embodiment uses a personal numberuniquely assigned to each subscriber by which calls to that number canbe screened. The personal number can be, for example a telephone numberthat has been acquired through governmental telephone numberadministration bodies, provisioned in the PSTN network, assigned to theIAM system 1124 and registered to an individual subscriber.

The personal number call screening process will now be described. Acalling party 1102 at a phone dials a phone number published by asubscriber to the IAM system 1124. The call routes through the PSTN 1104and terminates on the IAM voice trunk 1118 along with its associatedcall signaling information. Thus, for example, rather than using anexisting wireless or POTs phone number, a subscriber can publish aprivate phone number, wherein all calls to the private phone numberundergo an automatic screening process, as previously described. Thistechnique enables the subscriber to better manage their incoming callcosts.

Using the called party personal phone number or normal phone number as asearch key or index, the IAM system 1124 extracts or retrieves calltreatment actions and conditions stored in association with the calledparty personal number or normal phone number. The call treatmentconditions and actions can include some or all of those described above.For example, the conditions can include one or more of:

-   -   Time-of-Day (can include a range of times), Day of Week (can        include a range of days), Day of Year (holiday)    -   Calling Party Number (Caller ID, non-local area code, phone        type, caller    -   name)    -   Called Party Number    -   Subscriber presence (IP device)    -   Telephony presence (phone)

The call treatments can include one or more of

-   -   Take a voice message (using selective greeting(s))    -   Take the call on computer    -   Take the call on POTS phone (specify home, work, other POTS        phone)    -   Take the call on a wireless phone    -   Remote screen on another phone(s) or other device(s)    -   Block call (for example, using an audio message, a SIT tone or        the like)    -   Do not answer call    -   Multiparty conference

The following is a more detailed description of example call treatmentactions that can be executed or orchestrated by the IAM system 1124:

Do not answer action: the incoming calling party phone number isscreened against a list of phone numbers or subscriber-specified othercriteria (such as no caller id available), wherein if the calling phonenumber matches the listed phone numbers and/or the other criteria, theincoming call is not answered;

Take call on computer (online/offline status action): if the calledparty is online when a call is received, initiate a VoIP session withthe Client application 1116 running on the subscriber's IP device 1110and screen the call as described above;

Take the call on POTS phone action: originate a call to a specified POTSline and bridge the POTS call with remote screening as described above;

Take the call on POTS phone action: originate a call to a wireless phoneaction and bridge the wireless call with remote screening as describedabove; or

multi-party conference action: in which the call screening sessiondescribed above is broadcast to multiple phones and IP Clientssubstantially at the same time.

In one embodiment, the multi-party conference action can include thefollowing states. A first call processing apparatus, such as the IAMsystem 1124, receives a call from a first user for a second user. Avoice communication from the first user is received at the first callprocessing apparatus. At least a portion of the voice communication ismulticasted to a plurality of client devices, which can include forexample POTs, wireless, cellular and/or VoIP phone devices, atsubstantially the same time so that the first user's call can bescreened. An instruction is received via a first of the plurality ofclient devices to connect the first user to a first of the plurality ofclient devices. The second user is then bridged to the first of theplurality of client devices.

In another embodiment, the multi-party conference action can include thefollowing states. A first call processing apparatus, such as the IAMsystem 1124, receives a call from a first user for a second user. A callalert is then multicasted to a plurality of client devices, which caninclude for example POTs, wireless, cellular and/or VoIP phone devices,at substantially the same time so that the first user's call can bescreened. In addition, a voice communication received from the firstuser can be multicasted to the plurality of client devices atsubstantially the same time. The call alert can include at least aportion of Caller ID information associated with the first call. Aninstruction can then be received via a first of the plurality of clientdevices to connect the first user to a first of the plurality of clientdevices. The second user's call is then bridged to the first of theplurality of client devices.

Still another embodiment of a call transfer process will now bedescribed. By way of example, a call can be received from a caller for acalled party at the call processing system, such as, by way of example,the call processing system 1124. The call may have been placed by thecaller to a virtual telephone line or a number associated with thecalled party, wherein when a call is placed to that number, the call isconnected to the call processing system. The call may also have beenplaced to a phone associated with the called party, and the call mayhave been forwarded as a result of a call forwarding on busy, a callforwarding on ring-no-answer, or a call-forward-all calls (sometimescalled do-not-disturb) condition. Upon receiving the call, the callprocessing system can automatically transfer or connect the call, via acall bridging operation or otherwise, to a first target phone, such as awireless, VoIP, or landline POTS phone, associated with the calledparty. The transfer can optionally be initiated based at least in parton a prior instruction from the called party stored in computer readablememory, such as in an account database record.

In addition, a caller identifier can optionally be provided to thecalled party via the first phone. For example, as similarly describedabove, if the first phone is a wireless phone, POTs phone, or otherphone capable of displaying Caller ID information, the calleridentification can be provided via the ANI field as a phone number to bepresented on a display associated with the phone. The called party canoptionally use the identification information to screen the call.

To further allow the called party to screen the call, the callprocessing system can play a greeting to the caller and ask the callerto leave a message. The call processing system can play a greetingprompt to the called party to announce the remote screening call inprogress. The caller message can be streamed to the called party's firstphone. Optionally, the output talk path from the remote called partyback to the call processing system is active but the output talk path ismuted with respect to the original calling party call. This allows thecalled party to monitor the inbound call without the calling partyknowing that they are doing so.

In addition, the called party can, via a phone key press, voicecommands, or otherwise, instruct the call processing system to acceptthe call or to forward or bridge the caller's call to anothertarget/second phone, such as a POTs phone, a wireless phone, a VoIPphone, a networked computer, or other communication device. Optionally,the called party can specify whether the call is to be transferred withsupervision, wherein the call processing system will maintain theoutcall to the first phone until the new target phone is answered, orwithout supervision, wherein the outcall to the first phone isterminated even before the new target phone is answered.

Further, the called party can specify whether the call should betransferred with call screening or without call screening. Optionally,the called party can set defaults with respect to supervision and callscreening, wherein the default can be stored on the call processingsystem or in other computer readable memory. For example, the calledparty can set the defaults by configuring the called party's account.Then, further manual and/or auto-transfer call processes can beperformed in conformance with the supervision and/or call screeningdefaults.

An example call transfer process will now be described. After receivinga call intended for a called party, the call processing system can placean outcall to a telephone associated with the called party, and can playa message or prompt to the called party, instructing the caller asfollows: “You have a call, press the 1 button to accept the call (on thecurrent telephone), the 2 button to have the call connected to your homephone without screening, the 3 button to have the call connected to yourhome phone with screening, the 4 button to have the call connected toyour work phone without screening, the 5 button to have the callconnected to your work phone with screening, the 6 button to connect thecall to your VoIP phone without screening, the 7 button to connect thecall to your VoIP phone with screening, the 8 button to have the callprocessing system record a message from the caller, the 9 button to havea message played by the call processing system to the caller informingthe caller that you refuse to take the call, or the * button to disablefurther auto-transfer calls.”

The prompt can optionally include speaking the phone numbers associatedwith the destination (for example, “press the 2 button to have the callconnected to your home phone 5555 555-5555”). Several different promptscan optionally be stored by the call processing system, and selectivelyprovided. For example, if the initial outcall is to the user's homephone, then the home phone options (“press . . . the 2 button to havethe call connected to your home phone without screening, the 3 button tohave the call connected to your home phone with screening”) canoptionally be omitted.

In this example, the called party can press the “1” button to accept thecall, the “2” button to have the call connected to the home phonewithout screening, the “3” button to have the call connected to the homephone with screening, the “4” button to have the call connected to thework phone without screening, the “5” button to have the call connectedto the work phone with screening, the “6” button to connect the call tothe VoIP phone without screening, the “7” button to connect the call tothe VoIP phone with screening, the “8” button to have the callprocessing system record a message from the caller, or the “9” button tohave a message played to the caller informing the caller that the calledparty refuses to take the call. Optionally, the called party can preventor disable future auto-transfer calls by pressing an appropriate button,such as the “*” button. If the called party gave a call transferinstruction (such as by pressing the 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 button in thisexample), in response to receiving the called party instruction, thecall processing system can retrieve the corresponding phone number fromthe user account database record or elsewhere, stored in computerreadable memory, and transfer the call to the retrieved phone number.

The called party can similarly be instructed to press one or morebuttons in order to have the call transferred with or without callscreening.

Thus, optionally, the user does not have to key in or remember the phonenumber the user wants the call to be transferred to each time a callcomes in. In addition, in this example embodiment, the initial targetphone does not have to be set up or programmed with the call transferphone numbers, and so the user can use a wide variety of phoneterminals, such a hotel phones, work phones, and so on, to receive callsand to instruct the call processing system to forward the calls toanother destination.

The term key or button press, as used herein, can include the pressingof a physical key or button, a soft key or button displayed on a touchsensitive or other display, a corresponding spoken number or command, orother form of instruction.

Optionally, the called party can provide the instruction to connect thecall to another phone before initiating the conversation with thecaller, such as while screening the call, or during the conversationwith the caller, such as after accepting the initial call bridged to thecalled party by the call processing system.

Optionally, the called party or other user can access the call via thetarget phone and instruct the call processing system, via a key press,such as a single key press or two or more key presses, voiceinstruction, or otherwise, to transfer or connect the call, via a callbridging operation or otherwise, to still another communication device.

Optionally, in order to insulate the called party to the foregoingprocess, the calling party can be prevented from hearing all or a partof the called party's key press(es) or voice instruction(s). Forexample, the call processing system can tear down or mute the audio pathfrom the target phone to the caller's phone. If the call has beentransferred and the called party wants to transfer to another line, thedetection of a called party key press can be performed very quickly,such as in 10 ms or less, to reduce or minimize the audible transmissionof the DTMF tone resulting from the key press to the caller.

Thus, by way of example, if a called party receives the forwarded,bridged, or otherwise transferred call on the called party's wirelessphone or other target phone, in order to reduce the amount of wirelesstime or minutes used, to save battery power, to avoid the call beingdropped due to a low battery charge, and/or to communicate via a mediumthat provides better voice quality, the called party can have the callfurther forwarded, bridged or otherwise transferred to a POTs phone,wireless cellular phone, VoIP phone, or other communication device.

By way of further example, a call can be received from a caller for acalled party at the call processing system. The call processing systemcan automatically transfer or connect the call, via a call bridgingoperation or otherwise, to a wireless, POTs, networked computer, or VoIPphone associated with the called party. The transfer can optionally beinitiated based at least in part on a prior instruction from the calledparty.

In addition, a caller identifier can optionally be provided to thecalled party via the target phone. For example, as similarly describedabove, the caller identification can be provided via the ANI field as aphone number to be presented on a display, such as a Caller ID display,associated with the target phone. The called party can optionally usethe identification information to screen the call. In addition, thecalled party can, via a phone key press, voice commands, or otherwise,instruct the call processing system to forward or bridge the caller'scall to another target phone, such as a another POTs phone, a wirelessphone, a VoIP phone, or other communication device. For example, thecall processing system can provide prompts similar to those describedabove or otherwise, and the called party can provide correspondingresponses. By way of example, the call processing system can provide thefollowing prompt: “You have a call, press the 1 button to accept thecall (on the current telephone), the 2 button to have the call connectedto your home phone without screening, the 3 button to have the callconnected to your home phone with screening, the 4 button to have thecall connected to your work phone without screening, the 5 button tohave the call connected to your work phone with screening, the 6 buttonto connect the call to your VoIP phone without screening, the 7 buttonto connect the call to your VoIP phone with screening, the 8 button tohave the call processing system record a message from the caller, or the9 button to have a message played by the call processing system to thecaller informing the caller that you refuse to take the call.”

If the call is transferred to second target phone or line, some or allof the same call transfer and processing options can be offered again tothe called party once the call is transferred to the second phone, orstill other options can be offered.

Optionally, a user can specify the auto-transfer number via one or moreuser interfaces provided by or coupled to the call processing system.For example, the user interface can be provided via the IAM client, suchas that discussed above, executing on the user's computer terminal, viaan IAM client executing on a smart phone, such as a smart phone using aMicrosoft, Symbian, or Palm operating system, via a TUI (telephone userinterface) that can provide voice or other prompts over the phone andvia which the user can provide instructions via telephone key pressesand/or voice commands, or otherwise. For example, if the user is ontravel, the user can set the auto-transfer number via the TUI orotherwise to a phone number/line associated with the hotel where theuser is staying.

If the user is setting the auto-transfer number via atelephone/telephone line that provides the phone number associated withthe calling line, such as via Caller ID, or otherwise provides calleridentification signaling information, upon receiving the call set-upinformation, the call processing system can use such signalinginformation to automatically authenticate the user and to access theuser's account information. The user can optionally also be prompted toenter a password to further provide authentication. Once theauthentication is performed, the user can be allowed to specify a newauto-transfer phone number.

Optionally, for broadcast purposes, the user can specify that incomingcalls are to be auto-transferred to a plurality of different phones,including one or more POTs phone, wireless phone, VoIP phones, and/orother target phone devices. The auto-transfer can include call screeningas described above. Thus, an incoming call can be screened by aplurality of users using a plurality of the corresponding target phonedevices. A user can then elect to accept or further transfer the call toa second target phone or line with or without screening and with orwithout supervision, as similarly described above. Then, for example,the called party or other user can access the call via the second targetphone and instruct the call processing system, via a key press, voiceinstruction, or otherwise, to transfer or connect the call, via a callbridging operation or otherwise, to a third communication device, and soon.

Thus, by way of example, if a called party receives the forwarded,transferred or bridged call via the call processing system on the calledparty's home POTs or other landline phone as the called party is aboutto leave home, or otherwise lose access to the landline POTs phone, thecalled party can elect to manually transfer the call to the calledparty's wireless, mobile cell phone in order to continue theconversation with the caller after leaving home.

By way of further example, if the called party instructs the callprocessing system to connect the incoming call to a designatedcommunication line, the call processing system can initiate an outcallto the designated communication line. While the outcall is “ringing”,optionally, a ringing tone or a waiting tone can be played to thecaller. Optionally, if the user instruction to transfer the calloccurred during the call, wherein the caller and called party wereconducting a conversation, the caller and called party can continue theconversation on the original phone line until the call on the targetline is answered.

Optionally, if the outcall is not answered after a certain predeterminedtime period (such as after a number of seconds), after a certain numberof rings, or if the new target line is busy, the outcall can beterminated, and a call transfer failed message, tone, or other indicatorcan be played or provided to the called party and/or the caller. If theoutcall is answered, the outcall and the caller's can be bridged orotherwise connected. Optionally, a message, tone, or other indicator canbe provided or played on the caller's phone, the original called party'sphone, and/or the new, target phone, notifying the caller and/or thecalled party that the call has been transferred. The connected betweenthe call processing system and the original called party phone can bedropped.

Optionally, the foregoing call transfer process may only be offered tothe called party if the called party has designated an alternate phonenumber/line and/or is authorized or has permission to utilize the calltransfer process. If the called party has not specified an alternatenumber/line designator (wherein the phrase “number” includes an addressfor a VoIP terminal or other communication designator) and/or does nothave authorization to use the call transfer call process, optionally aninstruction, such as in the form of a key press, from the called partyto utilize the call transfer process can be ignored, or a message can beplayed to the called party notifying that the called party has notprovided an alternate number and/or does not have authorization to usethe transfer process.

An embodiment of a call transfer process will now be discussed ingreater detail with reference to FIG. 21, wherein a call isautomatically transferred to a first destination associated with acalled party, who can optionally then cause the call to be transferredto still another destination. The components illustrated in FIG. 21 canoptionally correspond to components of the same name or type discussedabove with reference to FIGS. 16-20. As with the other processes andcorresponding figures described herein, not all states need to bereached, and the states do not necessarily need to be performed in thesame order as that illustrated. In addition, certain state processes donot need to be performed serially, and two or more states processes canbe performed in parallel. The processes can include additional states aswell. While the following example assumes that the auto-transferdestination is a wireless, cellular phone, the destination can be a POTsphone, a VoIP terminal, or other destination or communication device.

State 1. An incoming call (incall) intended for a subscriber or otheruser is presented to a call processing system, such as that previouslydescribed.

State 2. The call processing system receives subscriber information,such as from the Session Manager by way of example, which can retrievethe subscriber information from a subscriber database. The subscriberinformation can include a target destination, such as a phonenumber/line identifier (such as a VoIP line identifier) to which callsare to be automatically transferred.

State 3. The call processing system optionally transmits a callnotification/message to the subscriber/user IAM client and places anoutgoing call (outcall) to the auto transfer destination. The user canuse either the IAM client or the auto-transfer destination terminal toaccept the call or to further transfer the call as discussed below.State 3 can performed in parallel with state 4.

State 4. If, for example, the auto transfer destination is a wirelesscell phone, one or more of the following next processes can occur.

-   -   (a) the outcall can be answered at the called party/customer        wireless phone;    -   (b) the called party notifies on instructs the call processing        IAM system that the called party wants to take the call via the        IAM client or otherwise. The call processing IAM system bridges        the calling party with the called party computer hosting the IAM        client, by establishing a VoIP session via a VoIP software        module. The two calls are bridged together through the by        establishing a VoIP session IAM system so that the caller and        the called party can converse;    -   (c) an outcall timer expires, wherein if the called party does        not answer the call or does not otherwise take the call, the        outcall is dropped.

State 15. The call processing system answers the incall.

State 6. If the outcall was successfully connected to the wireless cellphone (or other destination telephone or terminal), the called party canpress a key to generate a tone, such as DTMF 2, to transfer the call totheir home. Once the IAM system receives the tone, the Session managercan retrieve the corresponding transfer destination, such as a homephone number, from the subscriber database. A short confirmation promptcan be played by the call processing system to the called party if theoutcall is queued. If the outcall is not queued, as might occur if thereare no available ports, an explanation of why the outcall could not bequeued can be provided, and the called party can accept the call on thewireless cell phone by pressing the appropriate button, such as a ‘1’.After the prompt, the called party returns to screening or talking tothe caller. (Note: the called party could also optionally take the callon their cell phone immediately by pressing “1”.)

State 7. If the outcall was successfully queued, an outcall is placedfrom the call processing system to the home or other designateddestination.

State 8. The outcall to the home phone number, or other destination, isanswered. This outcall is optionally immediately connected and thecaller can then talk to the called party, where the called party cantalk from the home phone.

State 9. If the call transfer was performed with supervision, a messageis optionally played by the call processing system to the called partyvia the called party's cell phone, where the message informs the calledparty that the call has been connected to the home phone line, or otherdesignated destination, and then the call between the call processingand the wireless cell phone is hung up or otherwise disconnected. If thecall transfer is unsupervised call, the call between the call processingand the wireless cell phone is dropped at state 7.

State 10. The called party can optionally forward the call back to theircell phone, or to another phone/phone line during the call with thecalled party by pressing an appropriate phone key, such as the “2” key.

A description of example embodiments of making the auto-transfer processavailable, of calculating an outcall duration (the time after bridgedcall is originated by call manager), of presenting the call transferprocess to the caller and the called party, and of maintaining callprocessing records will now be provided.

Optionally, the auto-transfer process is configured for individualsubscribers or other users via one or more of the following “class ofservice” controls stored in the subscriber or other user database. Forexample, a user/subscriber can selectively enable or disable theauto-transfer process via a user accessible web page which can be hostedby the IAM system. By way of further example, the user/subscriber canalso enable or disable the ability to use the web page to enable ordisable the auto-transfer process. The user/subscriber can alsoselectively enable the auto-transfer process for calls placed while theuser/subscriber is online and connected to the call processing IAMsystem via an IAM client. The user/subscriber can also selectivelyenable the auto-transfer process for calls placed while theuser/subscriber is not connected to the call processing IAM system viathe IAM client. Similar controls are provided for calls placed to theuser/subscriber virtual telephone line or a number without a physicalline tied to it. The user can also optionally specify a call duration.Further, the user/subscriber can selectively specify that only callsthat have Caller ID information available should be auto-transferred, orcan specify that even calls without Caller ID information availableshould be auto-transferred.

Optionally, the user and/or the system operator can specify a timeperiod and/or number of rings before an auto-transfer incall is answeredby the call processing system and a caller message is taken. Differenttime period can optionally be specified for different users/subscribers.For example, a new user can be provided a shorter incall answer timeperiod, such as 15 seconds, than the time period, such as 25 seconds,for a user with a premium service, such as might be provided uponpayment of an appropriate one time and/on periodic fee. Optionally, theuser and/or the system operator can specify a time period and/or numberof rings before an auto-transfer outcall is abandoned by the callprocessing system, wherein different time periods can be specified fordifferent users/subscribers as similarly described for the incall.

In addition, the amount of guidance or help provided to auser/subscriber with respect to the auto-transfer process can bespecified, as well as whether screening should be provided, and/orwhether the auto-connect process is to be provided. By way of example,the user and/or system operator can specify that a phone numberassociated with the call processing system should be used as the callerID for the IAM system outcall.

An example table is provided below listing example auto-transfercontrols, one or more of which can be provided by the call processingsystem. The table lists example control names and descriptions.Optionally, there can be associated default values. Different usersand/or different class or sets of users can be assigned differentdefault values. The user can set the values/states via a Web page, a TUIinterface, or otherwise. With reference to the table below, CVL is avoice line, such as a virtual telephone line or a number without aphysical line tied to it. For example, the user can designate whichterminal/line calls to the CVL number will be connected to. By way ofillustration, the user can specify that calls to the CVL number as suchbe connected to a voice mail system, a cell phone, a home phone, a workphone, or other telephone/line. The user can optionally change thedestination via a call processing system account manager. Thecorresponding values can be stored in a database accessible by the callprocessing system Call Manager or other call processing system.

TABLE 1 Auto-Transfer Controls Control Name DescriptionFwdAutoTransferAllowed Specifies whether the subscriber has the auto-transfer feature for calls to a subscriber's target or forwarded number.FwdAutoTransferOnlineEnabled Specifies whether auto- transfer is enabledfor calls to a subscriber's target or forwarded number when thesubscriber is online (connected to the call processing IAM system viathe IAM client). FwdAutoTransferOfflineEnabled Specifies whetherauto-transfer is enabled for calls to a subscriber's target or forwardednumber when the subscriber is offline. (not connected to the callprocessing IAM system via the IAM client). CVLAutoTransferAllowedSpecifies whether the subscriber has the auto- transfer feature forcalls to a subscriber's CVL Number. CVLAutoTransferOnlineEnabledSpecifies whether auto- transfer is enabled for calls to a subscriber'sCVL Number when the subscriber is online. CVLAutoTransferOfflineEnabledSpecifies whether auto-transfer is enabled for calls to a subscriber'sCVL Number when the subscriber is offline. ConnectDuration Used todetermine the duration of the connected call, as described in greaterdetail below. AutoTransferCallerIdRequiredEnabled Specifies whether theauto- transfer should only occur if the caller ID (or other calleridentifier) is available. AutoTransferIncallRingTimerSeconds Specifiesthe number of seconds (or other time unit) before an auto-transferincall is answered by the call processing system, a greeting is played,and a message is taken. The called party can screen the caller messageand decide to accept the call. Optionally, this setting is not exposedto the subscriber. This parameter can be configured by the systemoperation, and the subscriber can selectively be allowed or not allowedto conFIG.the incall ring time. AutoTransferOutcallRingTimerSecondsSpecifies the number of seconds, or other time unit, to ring an outcallbefore it is abandoned. Optionally, this setting is not exposed to thesubscriber. This parameter can be configured by the system operation,and the subscriber can selectively be allowed or not allowed toconFIG.the incall ring time. AutoTransferPresentationStyle Specifies thesubscriber's experience when answering an auto-transfer outcall. Forexample, a Tutorial with Screening, Screening, or Auto Connect mode canbe specified. AutoTransferUseMrtCallerId Specifies the phone number tobe used as the Caller ID or ANI for the outcall.

In addition, the user can specify an auto-transfer phone number(AutoTransferPhoneNumber) which is stored in a corresponding databasefield. The AutoTransferPhoneNumber is the phone number to whichauto-transferred calls for the subscriber are to be transferred.Optionally, the value of the field can be empty or null until specifiedby the user/subscriber.

With respect to the connect outcall timing, optionally a connect outcall(including auto-transfer and/or manual outcalls) has a maximum callduration set and an associated warning type. The maximum call durationspecifies how long the call is allowed to be connected before the callprocessing system terminates the call. Optionally, a maximum callduration of zero (or other designated value) indicates that the call isnot disconnected by the call manager system unless the processingsystem, or a selection portion thereof is shut down.

The warning type specifies how long before the end of the outcall (asspecified by the connect outcall timing) the subscriber receives a firstand a second warning (or still additional warnings), and what promptsare used for these warnings. The following table describes examplewarning types, although other warning types and other timings can beused as well. In addition, the call processing system can optionallyautomatically provide warnings that announce an expiration time that isshorter that the actual expiration time to take into account users whoseperception of time is incorrect:

TABLE 2 Outcall Duration by call type First Warning Second WarningWarning Timing Timing Type (seconds) Prompt (seconds) Prompt Short 120“You have two 45 “You have thirty minutes left” seconds left”(*) Long180 “You have three 45 “You have thirty minutes left” seconds left”(*)

Optionally, the maximum outcall duration and warning type for a call aredetermined by the call processing system by finding a row in a databasetable that matches the subscriber's connectDuration, incall type (suchas Forwarded, CVL No. 1, CVL No. 2), and the transfer type (such asauto-transfer or manual transfer). Associated call durations and warningtypes (short or long) can be provided in the table as well. Thefollowing table illustrates example values of the database table.Different users can be entitled to different classes of services. Forexample, some users can be associated with a Class 1 level of services,while other users can be associated with a Class 2 level of services,wherein Class 1 can offer a higher level of services than Class 2 in oneor more categories.

TABLE 3 Outcall Duration by call type Maximum Call Connect IncallTransfer Duration Warning Duration Type Type (Minutes) Type 1 ForwardedAuto 60 Long (used by a Manual 60 Long relatively CVL No. 1 Auto 60 Longhigh class of Manual 60 Long service) CVL No. 2 Auto 60 Long Manual 60Long 2 Forwarded Auto 30 Short Manual 30 Short CVL No. 1 Auto 30 ShortManual 30 Short CVL No. 2 Auto 30 Short Manual 30 Short 3 Forwarded Auto10 Short (used by the Manual 10 Short low class of CVL No. 1 Auto 10Short service) Manual 10 Short CVL No. 2 Auto 10 Short Manual 10 Short

Optionally, the call duration can be based at least in part on a tolllevel on the outcall. For example, calls placed to SIP (SessionInitiation Protocol) devices could be allowed to continue without alimited duration or for an extended duration, such as 2 or 4 hours.Optionally, the outcall duration table data can be cached in solid statememory, and can be periodically refreshed.

If an outcall duration database row cannot be found that matches thesubscriber's connectDuration, incall type, and the transfer type,optionally an exception is logged and default connect duration(defaultConnectDurationMinutes) and default warning type(defaultWarningType) parameter settings are read from memory, such as atiming cache (OutcallTimingCache), wherein the foregoing parameters aredescribed in the configuration description below.

A connectDuration of zero is allowed. Optionally, calls for subscribersthat have a connectDuration of zero will have the default behaviordescribed above applied.

Example configuration parameters will now be discussed. Fewer oradditional configuration parameters can be used. A given call processingsystem Call Manager can have one or more of the following dynamicconfiguration parameters that control the use and application of theAuto-Transfer feature. The default values described below are examples,and other default values can be used as well. Certain example time unitsare used, such as seconds or minutes, however other time units can beused as well:

-   -   [OutcallTimingCache] secondsBetweenSync—How often the table        storing the connect call duration by call type information is        refreshed in seconds or other units.    -   [PortManager] shutdownFirstWarningDelaySeconds—How long between        when a Call Manager, or other designated call processing system        subsystem, shutdown is requested and the first shutdown warning        to subscribers on out-calls.    -   [PortManager] shutdownSecondWarningDelaySeconds—How long between        the first warning and the second warning (for out-calls) when        the Call Manager is shutting down. By way of example, the value        can have a default value, such as 300 seconds.    -   [PortManager] shutdownFinalWarningDelaySeconds—How long between        the second warning and the final warning (for out-calls) when        the Call Manager is shutting down. By way of example, the value        can have a default value, such as 120 seconds.    -   [PortManager] shutdownNowDelaySeconds—How long between the final        warning (for out-calls) and forced hang-up (optionally for all        calls) when the Call Manager is shutting down. By way of        example, the value can have a default value, such as 30 seconds.    -   delayIncallAnswerAfterOutcallAnswerSeconds—How long to delay        answering the incall after the auto-transfer outcall has been        answered. This is intended to give the subscriber a chance to        answer and request a connection before the caller hears the        greeting. Optionally, this parameter is used if the        Auto-Transfer Presentation Style is Tutorial or Screening. By        way of example, the value can have a default value, such as 2        seconds.    -   [OutcallTimingCache] defaultConnectDurationMinutes—Default        duration returned if a corresponding database row is not found        (an exception is optionally also logged). By way of example, the        value can have a default value, such as 30 minutes.    -   [OutcallTimingCache] defaultWarningType—Default warning type        returned if a corresponding database row is not found (an        exception is also logged). The value optionally defaults to a        value, such as long or short.    -   [OutcallTimingCache] shortFirstWarningSeconds—Seconds, or other        time unit, of warning for first ‘short’ type warning. By way of        example, the value can have a default value, such as 120        seconds.    -   [OutcallTimingCache] shortSecondWarningSeconds—Seconds, or other        time unit, of warning for the second ‘short’ type warning. By        way of example, the value can have a default value, such as 45        seconds.    -   [OutcallTimingCache] longFirstWarningSeconds—Seconds, or other        time unit, of warning for first ‘long’ type warning. By way of        example, the value can have a default value, such as 180        seconds.    -   [OutcallTimingCache] longSecondWarningSeconds—Seconds, or other        time unit, of warning for second ‘long’ type warning. By way of        example, the value can have a default value, such as 45 seconds.    -   EnableTransferFromOutcallTui—Default value is optionally set to        true. If true, the transfer from outcall functionality is        supported.    -   MinSecondsReminingForTransferFromOutcall—The number (or greater)        of seconds, or other time unit, that needs to be available on        the connected call for the transfer from outcall to be allowed.        This prevents an outcall from being transferred if the call does        not have sufficient time to connect. By way of example, the        value can have a default value, such as 60 seconds.

Example call logging will now be described.

A CDR (call detail record) is optionally logged and stored for theincoming call and/or the auto-transferred call in association, with anidentifier to associate the incoming call and the auto-transferred call.One or more of the following call details can be recorded:

-   -   An indication (such as one or more bits or alphanumeric        characters) that the call is an auto-transfer call.    -   An indication as to whether a call auto-transfer was attempted        and whether the subscriber answering the auto-transfer call        chose to take the call.    -   The auto-transfer connect duration.    -   The called number type for the auto-transfer outcall.    -   The auto-transfer connect phone number for the auto-transfer        call.    -   An indication that an auto-transfer outcall ended because the        call was transferred

With respect to connected calls, some or all of the following exampleinformation can be stored in corresponding CDR log fields

-   -   ConnectedPhoneNumber—The phone number used for an outcall for a        given call. This field is populated if an outcall was attempted        for the call, optionally even if the outcall failed.    -   ConnectDurationSeconds—The connect duration, such as the number        of seconds that the call was connected. This could be zero if        the call outcall failed, or if the call was screened but not        connected.

Example call processing system TUI (Incall) and auto-transfer processesand states from the caller's perspective will now be described withreference to FIG. 22. The caller places a call which is received at thecall processing system at state 2202. At state 2204, the caller hearsthe ringing tone during a ringing state.

At state 2206, a determination is made as to whether auto-transferoutcall is be placed. For example, while in the ringing state, anauto-transfer outcall is placed if the appropriate conditions are met,optionally including one or more of

-   -   The Call Manager AutoTransferEnabled configuration parameter is        set to true.    -   The subscriber is online and AutoTransferEnabledOnline is set to        true or the subscriber is offline and both        AutoTransferEnabledOffline and OfflineAnsweringEnabled are set        to true.    -   AutoTransferCallerIdRequired is set to false for the called        party/subscriber, or the caller ID for the given call is        available and not private, or AutoTransferUseMrtCallerId is set        to true.    -   AutoTransferPhoneNumber for the called party/subscriber contains        a valid phone number.    -   Either the Call Registry is not configured or there are no        outcalls in progress to the selected auto-transfer phone number.

In this example, the process stays in the ringing state until theoutcall has been answered or until the ringing has been played for apredetermined amount of time (such as the time specified by theAutoTransferOutcallRingTimerSeconds parameter) or rings. If theauto-transfer outcall fails because the outcall destination is busy, theprocess proceeds to exit state 2208, and the caller optionally willstill hear a full ring count.

At state 2210, a greeting message can be played to the calling party bythe call processing system, and at state 2212 the call processing systemcan begin recording a message from the caller, which can then bestreamed to the auto-transfer destination once the outcall process tothe destination terminal is completed. At state 2214, the called partycan cause the greeting and/or message recording states to be interruptedor bypassed by accepting the call as described below with respect toFIG. 23.

Example call processing system TUI (Outcall) and auto-transfer processesand states from the called party's perspective will now be describedwith reference to FIG. 23. At state 2302, a call is placed by a callerto the called party. The called party can be a subscriber to the callprocessing system services. At state 2304, a determination is made as towhether the call can be directly connected to the called party, withoutscreening, which causes the call to ring through to the called party'sphone/terminal as with a regular phone call. For example, adetermination can be made as to whether the auto-transfer presentationstyle parameter AutoTransferPresentationStyle is set to auto connect forthe called party.

If the called party has instructed that the call be directly connectedto the called party, then the process proceeds to the connected state atstate 2314. If the called party presses the appropriate phone key, suchas the “2” key in this example, during the connected state, the callenters the handle transfer state at state 2316, wherein an attempt ismade to transfer the call to a destination telephone terminal associatedwith the key press. If the transfer is successful, the process is doneand returns to the connected state at state 2314. If the transfer is notsuccessful, the process proceeds to the transfer failed state at state2318, and a transfer failed message is played by the call processingsystem to the called party. The process then returns to the connectedstate at state 2314.

If the called party has not instructed that the call be directlyconnected to the called party, and/or if the called party has instructedthat call screening be performed (such as by causing theAutoTransferPresentationStyle parameter to be set to Tutorial WithScreening or Screening), then the process proceeds to the presentingstate at state 806. In the presenting state, the called party isoptionally informed that the call is an auto-transfer call and, unlessinstructed otherwise by the called party, the process enters the callscreening state at state 2310.

In the screening state, the audio in progress in the original call,between the caller and the call processing system, is presented orplayed to the called party. Thus, for example, when prompts are beingplayed to the original caller, the called party also hears the prompts,and when the call processing system records a message, the audio fromthe calling party is presented to the called party via theauto-transferred call.

If the called party presses the appropriate phone key, such as the “2”key in this example, during the presenting or screening states, theprocess enters the handle transfer state at state 2308, wherein the callis transferred to a destination telephone or other terminal associatedwith the key press, and the call can optionally be screened on the newdestination terminal. When this state returns, the call enters thescreening state at state 2310. By way of further example, optionally ifthe called party presses a transfer key, such as “2”, during thepresenting state, the process will skip the rest of the presentingmessage and proceeds to the handle transfer state.

In the handle transfer state, an attempt is made to transfer the call toa destination telephone terminal associated with the key press. If thetransfer is successful, the process is done and proceeds or returns tothe screening state at state 2310. If the transfer is not successful,the process proceeds to the transfer failed state at state 2312, and atransfer failed message is played by the call processing system to thecalled party. The process then proceeds to the screening state at state2310.

If the called party presses an appropriate phone key, such as “1” inthis example, during the presenting or screening states, the processskips or stops call screening, and the process proceeds to the connectedstate at state 2314, where the call is processed as similarly discussedabove.

The process can optionally be exited upon the occurrence of one or moreevents, including, by way of example, one or more of the followingoccurrences:

-   -   a called party phone hang up/call termination;    -   a connect request issued by a client application executing on a        computer associated with the called party;    -   a key press indicating that the caller called the wrong number;        or    -   the call was successfully transferred to the appropriate        phone/terminal and answered.

By way of further example, if the called party is online and the IAMclient is executing on a computer associated with the called party, thecall processing system notifies the IAM client of the call transfer andstreams of the caller message to the IAM client. The called party canthen elect to take the call via the IAM client, or instruct the callprocessing system to transfer the call to another phone/terminal.

Optionally, the prompts played during the handle transfer state areplayed to the called party only, and the caller is prevented fromhearing the prompts. If a call transfer is already in progress, atransfer in progress prompt message is played. If a call transfer fails,the transfer is no longer considered in progress. The called party canpress an appropriate key, such as the phone “2” key, to attempt thetransfer again. Optionally, a call will only be transferred if there ismore than a predetermined amount of time(MinSecondsReminingForTransferFromOutcall) left on a correspondingoutcall timer. If there is an insufficient amount of time left,optionally the call processing system plays a “not enough time left”prompt. If the transfer is successful, and transfer successful promptcan be played.

The following example prompts are used in the Auto-Transfer TUI.

OfferTakeCall—“You have a call. Press 1 at any time to take the call.”

OfferTransfer—“Press 2 to transfer the call to your other number.”

CallForSpokenName—“This is a call for <spoken name>.”

OtherTookCall—“We're sorry but someone else took the call. Goodbye.”

CallerHangup—“Thank you for using CallWave. Goodbye.”

EarlyCallerHangup—“We're sorry but the caller hung up. Goodbye.”

FirstWarning—“You have <T1> seconds left.”

SecondWarning—“You have <T2> seconds left.”

Timeout—“I'm sorry but your time is up. Goodbye.”

Help—“To take the call, press ONE. To disable future calls, press STAR.”

NotEnoughTimeForTransfer—“Not enough time left”

Transferring—“Transferring”

TransferinProgress—“A transfer is already in progress”

For the FirstWarning and SecondWarning prompts, in this example, theConnectDuration value determines the <T1> and <T2> values and the totalallowed length of the call.

When the outcall is placed, the number provided in the outcall ANI orcaller ID field is selected based on the setting of certainconfiguration parameter. If a first Caller ID configuration parameter isset, a number stored in the first Caller ID configuration parameter isprovided as the Caller ID number. If a second Caller ID configurationparameter is set the subscriber's CVL number is used as the Caller IDnumber. If neither the first or second Caller ID configuration parameterare set, optionally the call processing system uses the caller's phonenumber as the Caller ID of the outcall. In addition, optionally a numberassociated with the call manager system can be included in an NPA field,and at least a part of the selected portion of the caller phone numberin an NXX-YYYY field.

In situations wherein a message recording is interrupted, optionallynotifications or prompts can be added to the recorded message thatprovides a notification or explanation for the interruption. Forexample, if a caller has begun recording a message and the recording isinterrupted when the subscriber connects to the caller, a shortexplanatory prompt will be appended to the interrupted to message file,such as “Recording interrupted by call transfer.” This notification canprevent the subscriber mistakenly believing that the message wasinterrupted as a result of a call processing system failure.

If a user party's IAM client is online when the call processing systemreceives a call for the user during a call, optionally the clientindicates (via a ringing tone and/or other audible notification, and/orvia a text and/or other visual notification), and/or that anauto-transfer is being attempted while in the active call state. Inaddition, the IAM client can display a log that indicates whichtransferred calls were connected and how long the calls were connected.Optionally, the subscriber can initiate a manual connect request beforethe call processing system's Call Manager has answered the call.

Optionally, once an auto-transfer process is in progress, an IAM client“take the call” button or menu selection, that permits theuser/subscriber to take the call on the IAM client terminal and/or otherredirect the call, is disabled and/or not displayed. If a recording wasmade by the call processing system, the recording can be transferred tothe IAM client terminal for later playback by the user/subscriber, and acall list can be displayed providing information regarding theauto-transferred call, including information regarding the duration ofthe recorded message.

Optionally, if the user/subscriber of the IAM activates the “take thecall button” before the call is auto-transferred, the automatic transferis cancelled.

The following table shows an example IAM Client call log display as aresult of different call outcomes for a transferred, or attempttransferred call, although other log entry displays and information canbe used as well.

Case Call Outcome IAM Call Log Entry Display 1 Not connected, <ifavailable, Caller ID and/or Caller Name> No no message left message<date> <time> 2 Not connected, <if available, Caller ID and/or CallerName> message left <message duration> <date> <time> 3 Connected, <ifavailable, Caller ID and/or Caller Name> message left <message duration><date> <time> 4 Connected, <if available, Caller ID and/or Caller Name>no message left Forwarded <date> <time>, <connected phone number and/orassociated identifier> <connected call duration>

In another example process, a user can conFIG. their phone or line(e.g., a mobile cell phone) so that incoming calls are forwarded toanother destination. Thus calls dialed directly to the phone numberassociated with the phone (or that otherwise is directed to the user'sphone) can be automatically forwarded, forwarded after a predeterminednumber of rings, and/or forwarded in response to a user action, such asa key press (e.g., a do not disturb key, ignore call key, or other key)to a predetermined destination. The user can specify (e.g., via anaccount manager, and IVR, or otherwise) that calls are to be forwardedto the call processing system, such as to a virtual telephone line or anumber (a phone number assigned by the call processing system to theuser) or a pilot hunt group. A pilot hunt group is a group of numbersassociated with a pilot number. The pilot number can also be a member ofthe hunt group. A hunt group enables an incoming call to be directed toan idle telephone station in a preprogrammed group when the calledstation is busy. In an example embodiment, when the pilot number isdialed, a “hunt” process is performed to find a vacant line (e.g.,non-busy). By way of further example, calls not answered can beconfigured to forward to a predetermined location, such as the next linein a hunt group or to another predetermined line.

As similarly discussed above, the user may have specified that callsreceived by the call processing system are to be connected to aspecified destination, with screening. For example, the specifieddestination can be the user's mobile phone. Thus, if a call is directedto the user's cell phone, the user can instruct that the call beforwarded to the call processing system, which will then connect thecaller back to the user's mobile phone, with screening. Then, assimilarly discussed above, the user can accept the call, furthertransfer the call to a second target phone or line with or withoutscreening and with or without supervision, or have the call processingsystem record a message from the caller, which can be later retrievedvia a computer or phone as similarly discussed above.

Thus, optionally, a user is provided with call screening via the user'scell phone, even when calls are initially dialed to the phone numberassociated with the cell phone.

Optionally, depending on the user's phone and/or mobile phone serviceprovider, the user can assign different ring tones and/or ring tonevolume to different received calls. For example, the phone can compare aphone number associated with an incoming call (e.g., wherein the phonenumber is received with the call signaling information) with numbersstored in the phone's contact database. If a match is found, and aspecific ring tone is assigned to the number stored in the contactdatabase, the phone can provide the specified ring tone.

Thus, for example, the user can assign a unique or selected tone tocalls received from the call processing system to thereby identify whencalls are being received from the call processing system, or from aspecified caller. Optionally, the call processing number can provide afirst number in the caller ID signaling field for calls withoutscreening, and provide a second number in the caller ID signaling fieldfor calls with screening. The user can associate a different ring tonefor each number. Thus, the user can tell when a call in screening modeis being received.

Thus, in an illustrative example, a call can be received directly(without the call processing system involvement) on a called partymobile cell phone. The subscriber can press an “ignore” call key. Thecall is then forwarded to the call processing system which answers thecalling party call (e.g., after a predetermined number of rings, such as1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 rings), provides a greeting, and asks the callingparty to leave a message. The call processing system substantiallyimmediately places an outbound call to the called party mobile phone,with screening, wherein the called party can hear the calling party andthe calling party does not hear the called party. The mobile phone candisplay caller identification information (such as a name or phonenumber) associated with the call processing system and/or the callingparty. The identification information can specifically indicate that thecall is in screening mode. For example, a specific caller ID phonenumber can be used for calls in screening mode. The called party canpress a “take call” key to accept the call, or press an “ignore” key torefuse the call. The call processing system optionally provides verbalor displayed prompts as to what key the called party is to press toaccept or refuse a call.

Thus, as described above, embodiments of the present invention provideflexible, user definable call screening processes that canadvantageously optionally be used even when the user is online. Furtherembodiments advantageously enable the user to define to whichtelecommunication terminals the screened call is to be broadcast to andunder what conditions. Further, certain embodiments allow calls receivedat a call manager system to be transferred to a first called partycommunication terminal, and then to one or more other terminals.

Optionally, calls can be processed, dropped, re-originated, forwarded,and/or bridged so as to improve the call quality, reduce call costs,and/or for other reasons. For example, in one embodiment, a callerplaces a call via a calling terminal (such as terminal 1102 illustratedin FIG. 16) to a called party, who may be a subscriber of servicesoffered by the call processing system 1124, as described above. The callmay have been forwarded to the call processing system, or the call mayhave been placed by the caller to a virtual telephone line or a numberassociated with the called party, wherein when a call is placed to thatnumber, the call is optionally connected at least initially to the callprocessing system and then optionally connected to the called party. Forexample, the call processing system can place an outcall to a telephoneterminal associated with the called party, such as terminal 1112illustrated in FIG. 16, and then bridge the inbound call from the callerand the outbound call to the called party, as similarly described above.

Because the call processing system is involved in receiving the inboundcall from the caller and placing the outbound call to the called party,the call processing system optionally can continuously monitor the call(including voice, data, and/or signaling information) for instructionsfrom the called party and/or the caller as described herein. Forexample, the call processing can monitor and detect key presses, voicecommands, and the like provided by a caller and/or a called party.

The call may have been placed by the caller from a wireless phone orother phone terminal or line that has poor quality. For example, thecall may suffer from echoes, static, voice delays; dropouts, and/or thelike. If the called party and/or caller determine that the caller'sconnection is of poor quality, then either party can provide a command,via a key press or a voice command, or otherwise, instructing the callprocessing system that is monitoring the call to re-originate a new callto the caller or to the called party. For example, the call processingsystem can originate a call to the caller (with or without supervision,as described above), and bridge the call to the caller and the original(or a new) outbound call to the called party. The original inbound callfrom the caller can be dropped before or after the new outbound call isanswered by the caller as appropriate or desired.

For example, optionally, the new call can be directed back to thecaller's cell phone, which may be desirable if the caller's connectionhad dropped; or the call can be directed to the caller's wireline homephone number, work phone number, or number or communication devicespecified by the called party or the caller. Advantageously, the callerand called party can then continue their conversation with a small ornegligible interruption and a higher quality connection. Furthermore,the call processing system may be able to determine through networksignaling how the calling party's line was disconnected. For example, aVoIP trunk call could “fail” due to excessive packet loss, corruption,or delay, without an associated signaling channel message indicatingthat the call was cleanly or purposefully disconnected by the caller.This would indicate that the call disconnect was unintentional. If thecall processing system determines or infers that the call disconnect wasunintentional and/or if the called party is still connected to the callprocessing system, the system can prompt (via a voice or text prompt)the called party as to whether a callback should occur. If the calledparty responds affirmatively, the call processing system can perform thecallback.

By way of further example, the called party (who may be a servicesubscriber of the call processing system 1124) receives a call from acaller via the call processing system. For example, as similarlydescribed above, the call may have been placed by the caller to avirtual telephone line or a number associated with the called party, andthereby received by the call processing system. The telephone number mayalso be a phone number ported by way of Local Number Portability to thecall processing system 1124. By way of further example, the call mayhave been placed to a conventional phone number associated with thecalled party, and then forwarded to the call processing system. The callfrom the caller may have been a local, Inter-state, Intra-state,inter-LATA, or intra-LATA toll call, such as where the caller is chargeda per time unit fee or the like. The called party may want to save thecaller the expense of the call, such as if a child, girlfriend, orboyfriend is calling from out-of-state.

Thus, either party can enter a key press, provide a voice command, orotherwise instruct the call processing system that is monitoring thecall to re-originate a new call to the caller and/or to the called partyvia a specified phone number or communication device. For example, thecall processing system can originate a new call to the caller, andbridge the call to the caller and the original or a new outbound call tothe called party. The new call back to the caller can be to the numberthe caller called from, the caller's home phone number, the caller'swork phone number, the caller's mobile cell phone, the caller's IPphone, or other number or communication terminal specified by the calledparty. In response to the entered command, the call processing systemoriginates a new call to the specified recipient (supervised orunsupervised) and bridges the call to the caller and the outbound callto the called party.

A variety of processes can be used to specify or select the recipientphone or communication terminal to which the re-originated call is to beplaced to. For example, one or more of the following processes can beused:

-   -   the called party enters or selects the caller phone number,        communication terminal, or IP address via key presses, voice        commands, or the like;    -   the caller can be voice or text prompted by the call processing        system to enter or select the caller phone number, communication        terminal identifier, or IP address via key presses, voice        commands, or the like. For example, a call participant, such as        the called party can be prompted “please enter the phone number        to which the call is to be re-originated with,” and the user can        dial the desired number. By way of further, example, the prompt        can be a voice prompts that states “press the 1 button to have        the call re-originated to the caller's home phone number, the 2        button to have the call re-originated to the caller's work        number, the 3 button to have the call re-originated to the        caller's mobile number, the 4 button to have the call        re-originated to 555-555-5555,” and so on. The prompts can        optionally be provided (and the called party response received)        during the original inbound call from the caller, during an        outbound call from the call processing system to the caller,        and/or via a client application, such as the IAM application        discussed above, executing on a computer terminal or the like        associated with the caller; and/or the caller phone number,        communication terminal identifier, or IP address can be        pre-specified by the caller and/or the called party, stored in a        database or other data store hosted by the call processing        system and/or a caller or called party client system, and then        automatically retrieved by the call processing system in        response to a caller and/or a called party instruction.

The subscriber's transfer to phone number, communication terminalidentifier, or IP address can be dynamically determined based on thelocation of the subscriber's mobile phone. The association between asubscriber locations and a list of phone numbers, communicationterminals, or IP addresses is pre-specified by the caller and/or calledparty, stored in a database or other data store hosted by the callprocessing system and/or a caller or called party client system, andthen automatically retrieved by the call processing system.

By way of illustration, in the following example, the caller providesthe phone number to which the new call is to be re-originated to. Inresponse to an instruction, such as a DTMF key press, (for example, a“4” key or other key press), by the called party and/or the caller, thecall processing system prompts (via a voice or text prompt) the callingparty to enter the phone number the caller would like the new calloriginated to. Alternatively, in response to a called party DTMFcommand, the system can just generate a tone and the called party canask the caller to enter the call back number. Optionally, this can beconfigured by a subscriber through a member zone or account set-up, orit automatically happens after a specified number of uses (with a voiceprompt playing after a specified timeout and no phone number has beenentered). After the prompt, the caller speaks, dials, or otherwiseenters or selects the phone number or communication device to be called.The number entered or selected by the caller is used by the callprocessing system to originate the new call, which then can be bridgedwith the outcall to the called party as described above. The enterednumber is optionally stored in call processing system memory andassociated with the original calling number. Optionally, subsequentcalls originated from the same original calling number would not requirethat the previously entered number be reentered by a call participant inorder to re-originate a call to that number. Instead, the calledparty/subscriber can press “4”, or other designated key, and the callprocessing system will originate a new call to the previously enterednumber stored in the call processing system memory.

By way of further illustration, in the following example, the calledparty provides the phone number to which the new call is to bere-originated to. In response to an instruction, such as a DTMF keypress, (for example, a “4” key or other key press), by the called partythe call processing system prompts (via a voice or text prompt) thecalled party to enter or select the number the called party would likethe new call originated to. Optionally, the return voice path to thecaller is muted so that the caller does hear the prompt. Further, wherethe prompt is a voice prompt, the voice prompt is optionally mixed, andplayed at a lower volume than the caller's voice volume, so that thecalled party does not miss the conversation from the caller while theprompt is being played. After the prompt, the called party could dial,speak, or select the number to be called. The number entered or selectedby the called party is used to originate the new call to the caller,which can be bridged with the outcall to the called party. The enterednumber is optionally stored in call processing system memory andassociated with the original calling number. Optionally, subsequentcalls originated from the same original calling number would not requirethat the previously entered number be reentered for call re-originating.Instead, the calling party (subscriber) can press “4”, or otherdesignated key, and the call processing system will originate a new callto the previously entered number stored in the call processing systemmemory.

By way of still further illustration, in the following example, thephone number to which the new call is to be re-originated to isretrieved from an electronic contact database (sometimes referred to asan address book) or other data store. For example, a called party orsubscriber may have provisioned a client-based or server-based addressbook or other contact data store that has a defined association betweena potential calling party, which may also be a subscriber, and thepotential calling party mobile cell number, home number, VoIP number,work number, and/or other numbers. If a call is received from one ofthese numbers, the called party can optionally provide an instruction,such as by pressing the “4” key or by providing an appropriate voiceinstruction, and the call processing system will substantiallyimmediately re-originate back the call to a specified default numberfrom the contact database, and/or be prompt the called party to choosebetween one or more of the contact database numbers.

For example, if a caller calls from a cell phone and the called party'saddress book contains a single association, then pressing “4” will causethe call processing system to immediately (or after a confirmationprompt and called party prompt responses) place an outbound call to thenumber in the address book, and to then bridge this new call with theoutcall to the called party. If there are multiple entries, the calledparty can be asked via voice and/or text prompts to choose from themultiple entries. Callbacks can be used to auto-populate a subscriber'saddress book.

By way of yet further example, the call re-origination process caninclude a client application executing on a user's computer. Thesubscriber or other user may be near a computer terminal, such as apersonal computer or networked television, which is running a clientapplication monitoring the call based on information transmitted to theclient from the call processing system. The information can include thecaller phone number and/or name, the called party phone number to whichthe call was placed, the current duration of the call, and so on. Theclient application can be, by way of example, the Client application1116 illustrated in FIG. 16 and discussed above, used to supervise andmonitor a call.

For example, a called party may have seen the caller ID/Caller Name orother identifier presented via the client application at the beginningof the call and the called party may have optionally screened the callfrom their personal computer, networked television, or other computersystem. The called party may have taken the call on the called party'smobile cell phone or optionally directed the inbound call to aconveniently available landline phone. Once the called party takes thecall, an option is presented on the called party's personal computerthat allows the user to re-originate a call back to the caller assimilarly described above. The phone number can be selected from anoptional pull down list presented via the client application, the calledparty's contact database, a number available in a call log presented bythe client application, or otherwise selected. Note that a called partycan call a caller back before even answering the call.

By way of still further illustration, in the following example, thephone number to which the new call is to be re-originated to can beselected from an address book stored or available on a called party'swireless phone. The called party can receive a call on the calledparty's wireless phone, and send a data message to the call processingsystem containing the phone number (using instant messaging, SMSmessaging, email, and so on) to the call processing system. The callprocessing system then originates a call to the number provided by thecalled party, and bridges the new call in to the outbound call from thecall processing system to the called party.

The above examples illustrate how a calling or called party can have acall re-originated and how a secondary number can be associated with thecalled party's calling number. In addition, these “personal”associations can optionally be exported to all or one or more subsets ofsubscribers or users of the call processing system services. By way ofexample, if a caller calls a subscriber who instructs the callprocessing system to re-originate a call to a number entered by thecalled party, the entered call back number (also referred to as are-origination number) can be stored in a call processing systemdatabase or other data store and made available globally to all or oneor more subsets of subscribers or users of the call processing systemservices. The next time the calling party calls a user or subscriber ofthe call processing service, the called party may not have to enter thecallback or re-origination number, as the number is already available inthe call processing system. For example, the call processing system canplay a prompt to the called party instructing the called party to pressa certain key or provide a voice command to re-originate the call to thealready stored number.

By way of illustration, the prompt can instruct: “press the 1 button tohave the call re-originated to the caller's home phone number, the 2button to have the call re-originated to the caller's work number, the 3button to have the call re-originated to the caller's mobile number, the4 button to have the call re-originated to 555-555-5555,” and so on.

In addition, the call processing system provides the ability tore-originate caller and/or subscriber calls to a multiplicity of phonenumbers. The multiple calls can be placed in parallel, in sequence, oruse a combination of parallel and serial calling. For example, asubscriber may have configured their service to first ring their officenumber. Upon detecting that this first callback was not immediatelyanswered (for example, after waiting for a predetermined delay like 6-10seconds, or after a predetermined number of rings, such as 2 or 4rings), additional calls can be simultaneously or substantiallysimultaneously placed to the subscriber's home phone number, cell phonenumber, and/or other phone numbers specified by the subscriber and/orselected by the system. The three (or more) calls will continue to ringuntil one of the calls is answered, at which time the remaining callsare abandoned by the call processing system. Optionally, instead, thecalls can be configured to ring for up to a predetermined number of ringcycles or up to a fixed time, and the answered calls can then beconferenced together.

The list of multiple calling locations and associated sequencinginstructions can be explicitly specified by the subscriber,automatically set by the call processing system by inferring userpreferences based on past call treatment, by a combination of thesemethods, or using still other methods.

Other call handling processes can be used to handle unansweredre-originated calls as well. For example, if a re-originated call is notanswered, the call processing system can optionally: call the intendedrecipient back on the original calling or called party phone number,hold the original recipient call active or on hold until there-originated call is answered and then automatically disconnect thisoriginal call, and hold the original recipient call active or on holduntil the re-originated call is answered and then conference bridge orotherwise connect the multiple calls together.

By way of further example, the subscriber can provide the phone numberto which the new call is to be re-originated to. The subscriberconfigures or registers phone numbers with the call processing systemvia a web interface, a telephone user interface, a paper form, orotherwise. The phone numbers entered are optionally stored in callprocessing system memory and associated with the subscriber's account.In addition, “location data” can be further associated with phonenumbers entered by the subscriber. This “location data” can be used tosimplify the call transfer process for the subscriber. The location datacan be associated with phone numbers by, for example, the subscribercalling the call processing system from a mobile phone with locationcapabilities and dialing through an IVR (Interactive Voice Response)system to select one of the pre-configured phone numbers to the callprocessing system with LBS (Location Based Services) capabilities. Forexample, LBS can be used to determine the geographical position of acell phone or other terminal in a mobile network based on their cellidentifier (ID). This information can then be translated into latitudeand longitude information. In addition, triangulation of the mobilephone, performed using two or more cell towers, Assisted GPS, TDOA (timedifference of arrival), EOTD (Enhanced Observed Time Difference), AFLT(Advanced Forward Link Trilateration), and/or other locatortechnologies, can be used to further refine the estimate of the cellphone location.

In addition or instead, the location data can be associated with phonenumbers by the user selecting a pre-configured phone number from a listof numbers and then transmitting the selection over a data network tothe call processing system (e.g., from a data application running on amobile phone or by a user sitting at home on a broadband connectionconnected to a computer or other terminal, with their mobile phonenearby). The location of the pre-configured phone numbers is then knownto the system. This enables the call processing system to (1) ease theinteraction with the subscriber since the system would not have toprompt the subscriber as to which phone number calls should bere-originated to, (2) automatically call an alternative phone numberwhen a user is near a particular location (3) automatically call analternative number based on a condition such as, by way of example, apreconfigured schedule or if a subscriber's phone number is turned off,out-of-range, busy, or a ring-no-answer condition occurs (in the lattercases the call processing system could optionally re-originate calls tothe last registered location).

Once a calling party's call has been transferred or re-originated, thecaller or the called party can optionally transfer the call back to theoriginal calling device or number at any time by pressing an appropriatekey, such as the “4” key, providing an appropriate voice command, orotherwise.

As discussed above, the call processing system can process VoIP calls.One potential drawback to VoIP calls is that packets can be dropped orlost, or packet arrival can be delayed, which can have an adverse impacton the voice quality of the call. Optionally, the call processing systemcan continuously or periodically monitor a VoIP call, keep track of thenumber of lost packets within a predetermined time period, and/or keeptrack of packet latencies. If the number of lost packets within theperiod of time meets or exceeds a first specified threshold, or if thepacket latency meets or exceeds a latency threshold stored in, andretrieved from, computer readable memory, the system optionallyinterrupts the call and prompts the caller to determine if the callerwants to transfer the caller inbound call from the caller and/or theoutbound call to the called party to a circuit switched call or othercall medium. If the called party responds affirmatively (via a keypress, voice command, text command, or otherwise), the call processingsystem originates a new call using the specified method and/or networkto one or both call participants and bridges the calls. Thisreconfigured call may optionally cause the caller and/or the calledparty the subscriber additional expense.

Further, an option to re-originate one or both calls on a circuitswitched network can be offered as a user selected option, which can betriggered, for example, if the user dials the “5” key or otherappropriate key.

Optionally, during a call between a caller and a called party, such asduring the calls described above, the caller and/or called party caninstruct the call processing system to conference-in a third party. Thisconferencing process can be performed using one or more of the methodsdescribed above and the call processing system can bridge and mix thethree or more calls together. By way of example and not limitation: thecalled party or caller can enter or select the third party number viakey presses, voice commands, or the like; the called party or caller canbe voice or text prompted by the call processing system to enter orselect the third party number; the third party number can bepre-specified by the caller and/or the called party, stored in adatabase or other data store hosted by the call processing system and/ora caller or called party client system, and then automatically retrievedby the call processing system in response to a caller and/or a calledparty instruction; or using other of the above described processes.

The call conferencing process can be invoked by way of example by thecaller and/or called party dialing the “6” key or other selected key orvoice command. One or more parties can optionally be integrated orconferenced into the call by repeated entries of the “6” or otherappropriate key by a call participant, and then the selection and/orentry of other parties' phone numbers as similarly described above.

If a third party is unavailable, such as, for example if their phoneline is busy, then the call processing system can optionally camp-on theline and add the third party when their line is freed up.

Further, embodiments can be used in conjunction with call waiting. Aspreviously discussed, a caller can place a call via a calling terminalto a called party. The call may have been forwarded to the callprocessing system, or the call may have been placed by the caller to avirtual telephone line or a number associated with the called party,wherein when a call is placed to that number, the call is optionallyconnected to the call processing system. For example, the callprocessing system can place an outcall to a telephone terminalassociated with the called party, and then bridge the inbound call fromthe caller and the outbound call to the called party. As previouslydescribed, the call processing system can constantly or periodicallymonitor calls being processed by the call processing system. If a newcall comes in for a called party while the called party is already busyspeaking to another caller on a call being processed by the callprocessing system, a call waiting message, tone or other prompt can beinvoked. The new incoming call can optionally be screened by the calledparty while the called party is still listening to the original caller.The voice channel of the new call voice channel is mixed, but optionallyat a lower volume, with the current call. The subscriber can thenprovide a command, such as by pressing the “7” or other appropriate key,to switch between calls, or the call can provide another command, suchas by pressing the “8” or other appropriate key, to join the two callsto the called party together in a conference call.

Optionally, because the call processing system can continuously monitorthe call, if the call processing system detects the inbound call hasterminated before the outbound call to the called party has terminated,the call processing system can prompt the called party for auto-callbackinstructions. For example, the call processing system can offer toautomatically reconnect to the called party in response to a confirmingkey press or voice command.

In another embodiment, a called party can instruct the call processingsystem to record a call while the call is in progress. As similarlydiscussed above, the call processing system can constantly orperiodically monitor a call being processed by the call processingsystem. For example, during a call, the caller or called party canoptionally press a “9” key or other designated key, and in response, thecall processing system will record the call, including the voicecommunication between the caller and the called party. Once the call iscompleted, the recording can be sent to the subscriber (caller and/orcalled party) as a voice attachment to an email message; into a clientapplication, such as client application 1116, executing on theircomputer system, such as personal computer or networked television;and/or optionally, the recorded call can be sent to a message store andthe caller and/or called party, if so authorized, can call the callprocessing system to retrieve the recording as a voice message.

Optionally, the call processing system may only respond to commands(such as those relating to initiating a call re-origination, callconferencing, call recording, and so on) from a subscriber or otherauthorized person participating in the call. For example, the callprocessing system may determine if a caller is a subscriber by readingthe Caller ID signaling information associated with the caller's call,and determining if the Caller ID information matches or corresponds to aphone number a subscriber stored in a database, such as the IAM databasesubsystem 1136 illustrated in FIG. 16. The call processing system candetermine that the called party is a subscriber using a variety oftechniques. If the caller's call was placed to a virtual number assignedto a subscriber, then the call processing system assumes that the callwas intended for the subscriber. If the call was forwarded as a resultof, for example, a call forwarding on busy, a call forwarding onring-no-answer, or call-forward-all calls condition, then the numberfrom which the call was forwarded can be used as a search key or indexinto the database to determine if number matches a subscriber's number,and that the call was forwarded from a subscriber line and is intendedfor the subscriber.

Other optional techniques for determining if a call participant is asubscriber include accessing a cookie or cookie-type file stored on acall participant smart phone or other communication terminal, and basedon the information in the cookie or file, determining if the callparticipant is a subscriber. By way of further example, callparticipants can optionally be requested to enter a user identifierand/or password to authenticate the participant as a subscriber.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example call process. Not all states need to bereached, and the states do not necessarily need to be performed in thesame order as that illustrated. In addition, certain state processes donot need to be performed serially, and two or more states processes canbe performed in parallel. The call process can include additional statesas well. With reference to FIG. 24, at state 2402, the call processingsystem receives an inbound call from a caller intended for a calledparty. At state 2404, an outbound call is placed by the call processingsystem to a communications terminal or line associated with the calledparty. At state 2406, the inbound and outbound calls are bridged orotherwise connected. At state 2408, the call processing system monitorsthe bridged call and detects when the called party or caller (asauthorized) provides a re-originating instruction.

At state 2410, an outbound call is placed to the number associated withthe re-origination instruction. By way of example and not limitation,the called party or caller can enter or select the number via keypresses, voice commands, or the like; the called party or caller can bevoice or text prompted by the call processing system to enter or selectthe number; the number can be pre-specified by the caller and/or thecalled party, stored in a database or other data store, and thenautomatically retrieved by the call processing system in response to acaller and/or a called party instruction; and so on. At state 2412, theoutbound call to the new caller number is bridged with the existing (ora new) outbound call to the called party.

Optionally, at state 2414, the caller or called party provide aninstruction to conference in one or more third parties via a key press,voice instruction, or otherwise. At state 2416, the call processingsystem places an outbound call to a number associated with the thirdparty. By way of example, the called party or caller can enter or selectthe third party number via key presses, voice commands, or the like; thecalled party or caller can be voice or text prompted by the callprocessing system to enter or select the third party number; the thirdparty number can be pre-specified by the caller and/or the called party,stored in a database, and then automatically retrieved by the callprocessing system in response to a caller and/or a called partyinstruction; or otherwise. At state 2418, the outbound call to the thirdparty is bridged to the call between the caller and the called party. Atstate 2420, a call record command from one or more of the callparticipants (as authorized) is detected and received by the callprocessing system. At state 2422, the call processing system records thecall between the caller, the called party, and/or the third party. Oncethe call is completed, the recording can be sent to one or more of thecall participants as a voice attachment to an email message; via aclient application executing on a call participant computer system;and/or sent to a message store for later retrieval. Further, theprocesses illustrated in FIGS. 22 and 23 can be performed in conjunctionwith the process illustrated in FIG. 24. For example, the called partycan transfer the inbound call to another phone associated with thecalled party.

An example call transfer process will be described using Location BasedServices, call screening to a mobile device, and transfer to a homenumber. With reference to FIGS. 25A-B, at state 1000, a call is receivedat a Call Processing System 1124 from a calling party 1102 over phoneline 1134, PSTN 1104, and trunk lines 1118. The call from 1102 may havebeen redirected from a busy line 1114 or may have been directed to avirtual phone number assigned to the subscriber which terminatesdirectly on the Call Processing System 1124. At state 1002A, afterreceiving the inbound call, the Call Processing System 1124 places anoutcall using Call Manager 1108 over PSTN trunks 1118, to a mobiledevice 115 associated with the called party. The outgoing call to thecalled party's mobile device can optionally include the calling party's1112 Caller ID, the Call Processing System's Caller ID 1124, or even thecalled party's personal or virtual telephone number as the Caller ID.Upon answer of the outbound call to the mobile device 115, the CallProcessing System 1124 can optionally announce the call and can play aprompt to the called party instructing the caller with on how to takethe call, transfer the call, conference the call and then bridges theinbound call with the outbound call at state 1004A. The talk path to thecalled party is muted to allow the called party to screen the callwithout the caller's knowledge of the screening process.

At state 1006A, if the called party is online, the Call ProcessingSystem sends a call notification including but not limited to one ormore of the Caller's phone number, name, city, state, or calling device(e.g., cell phone). At state 1008A, the Call Processing System 1124determines called party's location using Mobile Location Based Services150 and then matches the location with a phone number from apreconfigured subscriber list stored in the Call Processing System'sdata base or file store 1136 or Client storage Personal Computer 1110.At state 1010A, the subscriber decides to transfer the call to a phonenumber 1112 to save costs and/or improve the quality of the call, by wayof example. Because the system utilizes LBS to determine where to directthe call, the subscriber did not have to choose from a list where todirect the call or enter a destination phone number. At state 1012A, theCall Processing System 1124 makes a new outbound call from Call Manager1108 using voice trunks 1118 to phone 1112. At state 1014A, upon answerof phone 112, Call Processing System 1124 conferences inbound call overline 1134 with outbound call to mobile device 115 with outbound callover 1114 to phone 1112. At State 1016A, the outbound call to mobiledevice 115 is terminated when called party 115 hangs-up or otherwiseends the call.

By way of further illustration, in one example embodiment the callprocessing system receives an inbound call from a calling party intendedfor a called party. The call processing system determines if a certaincondition has occurred or exists. By way of example, and not limitation,the condition, can relate to the inability to connect to the calledparty's mobile phone device via a voice channel or to the phone generalinaccessibility. By way of further illustration, the condition can be:

the mobile device being out of range;

the mobile device being busy;

the mobile device being turned off;

a ring-no-answer condition occurring on the mobile device;

a do-not-disturb condition occurring on the mobile device/line;

a specified/preconfigured (e.g., specified by the called party)scheduled event occurring (e.g., time and/or day);

The call processing system then determines the called party's locationvia a location based service, such as described above, associated withthe called party's mobile device. Based at least in part on the mobiledevice location, the call processing system selects a phone numberstored in computer readable memory (e.g., in a database recordassociated with the called party). The call processing system thencauses the calling party to be connected to a communication deviceassociated with the selected phone number. For example, the callprocessing system can originate an outbound call to the communicationdevice and bridge or otherwise connect the outbound call with thecalling party's call.

An example call transfer process will be described using auto-callback.At state 1100A of FIG. 26, a call intended for a called party, such as asubscriber or other user, is received at a Call Processing System 1124from a calling party station 1102 over phone line 1134, PSTN 1104, andtrunk lines 1118. The call from station 1102 may have been redirectedfrom a busy line 1114 or may have been directed to a virtual phonenumber assigned to the subscriber which terminates directly on the CallProcessing System 1124. At state 11102A, after receiving the inboundcall, the Call Processing System 1124 places an outcall using CallManager 1108 over PSTN trunks 1118, to a mobile device 115 associatedwith the called party. The outgoing call to the called party's mobiledevice can optionally include the calling party's 1112 Caller ID, theCall Processing System's Caller ID 1124, and/or the called party'spersonal or virtual telephone number as the Caller ID.

At state 11104A, upon answer of the outbound call to the mobile device115, the Call Processing System 1124 can optionally announce the calland can play a prompt to the called party instructing the caller with onhow to take the call, transfer the call, and/or conference the call, andthen bridges the inbound call with the outbound call. The talk path tothe called party is optionally muted during this state to allow thecalled party to screen the call without the caller's knowledge of thescreening process. At state 11108A, the subscriber selects an option totake the call. The Call Processing System 1124 opens the talk path overthe connection to the mobile device 115 and the conversation between thecaller and called party begins.

In this example, at state 1110A, the subscriber decides s/he would liketo call the called party back (e.g., so the caller does not have to payfor the call). The subscriber asks the caller to hang-up phone station1102 or to otherwise terminate the call, which results in the tearingdown of the inbound call from the caller station 1102 over line 1134 toCall Processing System 1124. At state 1112A, the Call Processing System1124 detects the caller call termination, such as the hang-up of station1102, and substantially immediately prompts subscriber if s/he wouldlike to return this call by pressing the 1 key. If the subscriber doesnot respond within a predetermined time period, such as 5 seconds, theprocess proceeds from state 1112A to state 1113A and the Call ProcessingSystem plays a “Goodbye” voice prompt and at state 1122A tears down thecall to the subscriber station 115. If the subscriber presses animproper key (e.g. a key other than the 1 key), the process proceedsfrom state 1112A to 1114A, at which the determination is made that animproper key was pressed, a prompt is played so informing the subscriber(“Sorry, that is not a valid option”). The process returns from state1114A to state 1112A, where the prompt regarding returning the call isreplayed.

If the subscriber presses the 1 key (providing a DTMF 1) at state 1112A,indicating that the call is to be returned, the process proceeds tostate 1116 and the Call Processing System plays a “connecting” voiceprompt to the subscriber and transitions to State 1118A where a newoutbound call from Call Manager 1108, using voice trunks 1118, tostation 1102 is made.

Upon answer of the phone station 1102 at state 1120A, the CallProcessing System 1124 plays a greeting voice prompt and conferencesoutbound call over line 1134 with outbound call to mobile device 115.When the parties finish their conversation and hang-up or otherwiseprovide a termination indication, calls are terminated and the processproceeds to state 1122A. (Note: if original party 1102 terminateshis/her call before the subscriber, the Call Processing System 1124 willoptionally again prompt the subscriber to return the call and/or callanother party.)

If there is no answer at state 1118, then the process proceeds to state1119A and the Call Processing System 1124 plays a notification, such asan “I'm Sorry, we could not reach your caller” voice prompt, and theprocess proceeds to state 1122A where the outbound call to thesubscriber 115 is terminated.

Increasingly, people are increasingly associated with a multiplicity ofcommunication devices, such as a work phone, a home phone connected to aswitched telephone network, a phone connected to an Internet protocolnetwork, a cellular phone, etc. Thus, it is often difficult for a callerwishing to reach a person to decide which of the many phone numbersassociated with the person to call. Thus, for example, a caller mayfirst try a work phone, and if the person is not there or does notanswer, the caller may then call the person's home phone, then theperson's mobile phone, etc. It would be advantageous to have a phoneaddress, such as a single phone number, which can be used to reach aperson whether the person is at work, at home, or in the car, via amobile phone.

While certain descriptions refer to example Web page, network andtelephony standards and protocols, other standards and protocols can beused as well. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the functionsdescribed herein may be performed by executable code and instructionsstored in computer readable memory and running on one or moreprocessor-based systems. However, state machines, and/or hardwiredelectronic circuits can also be utilized. Further, with respect to theexample processes described herein, not all the process states need tobe reached, nor do the states have to be performed in the illustratedorder. Further, certain process states that are illustrated as beingserially performed can be performed in parallel.

Similarly, while certain examples may refer to a personal computersystem, other computer or electronic systems can be used as well, suchas, without limitation, an interactive television, a networked-enabledpersonal digital assistant (PDA), a networked game console, a networkedentertainment device, and so on. While certain references are made tocertain system components or services, other components and services canbe used as well. Further, while certain of the following examples arediscussed with respect to business users, the processes and systemsdescribed herein can similarly be used by individual, personal users. Inaddition, while certain user inputs are described as being provided viakeypresses or by clicking on a button, optionally, user inputs can beprovides using other techniques, such as by voice or otherwise. Whilecertain phone numbers are referenced for purposes of illustration, otherphone numbers or electronic addresses or locators can be used as well.

Unless otherwise specified, the term phone number refers generally to atelephonic address, such as, without limitation, a standard POTstelephone number, an E.164 phone number (ITU-T recommendation whichdefines the international public telecommunication numbering plan andtelephone format used in the PSTN and certain data networks), or a VoIPaddress.

Certain embodiments provide enhanced call management services. Forexample, a call processing system optionally provides a mobile answeringservice. The example mobile answering service includes enhanced,optionally free voice mail to a user (sometimes referred to as asubscriber). The voice mail optionally provides phone access andcomputer access (e.g., an interactive television, a networked-enabledPDA, a networked game console, a networked entertainment device, a smartphone, etc.) to past calls and messages, while also auto-accumulatingcontact information. For example, the caller may dial a phone numberassigned to the processing system or the caller may dial a phone number(e.g., a phone number assigned to a mobile phone device) that has callsforwarded to the call processing system, where the call is optionallyanswered by the call processing system.

The user may be provided with enhanced call processing services as partof the user's phone service subscription. For example, the user may beassigned a phone number (a virtual telephone number/VTN) associated withan enhanced service provider call processing system. The user mayprovide this call processing system phone number to others (e.g.,verbally, via email, via a printed document, such as a business card,etc.). Calls placed to the call processing system phone number may berouted via the call processing system to the user mobile phone. From acaller perspective, calls to the call processing system phone numberservice optionally have the standard behavior associated with a mobilephone number (e.g., a call to the new number is directed to the mobilephone, unless certain conditions occur). However, because calls directedto the new number route through the call processing system, additionalcall processing system enabled features for inbound calls are optionallyprovided, such as some or all of the following services: call screening,call transfer, call conferencing, and distinctive, customizable ringback(using configurable ring back heard by callers when they call), by wayof example.

In addition, the call processing system can optionally store anelectronic address book and/or a call log in a subscriber accountdatabase or elsewhere. For example, a call log can include a listing ofinbound and/or outbound calls (e.g., including caller/called partyidentifiers (e.g., caller name), caller location, phone address, time ofcall, length of call, etc.) and recorded messages (e.g., recorded andstored on the call processing system). The contact list can optionallybe accessed via a phone client, a telecommunications client, and/or aWeb site web page.

Optionally, the softswitch automatically creates a contact for asubscriber when a call is received from a phone number that does nothave an associated contact list entry. The name, phone number, and/orphone number type are automatically populated in the contact if they areknown (e.g., via the caller ID or other call signaling information).Optionally, when a new caller calls the user, a new contact record isautomatically created and populated using signaling information (e.g.,caller ID information) associated with the call.

Other services that are optionally provided to the user via the callprocessing system include a Follow Me Home service, which enablessubscribers to automatically receive calls destined for their mobilephone on a subscriber-designated landline when their mobile phone iseither turned off or out of the coverage area. The service enablessubscribers to receive calls they otherwise might have missed, andenables them to save money. Subscribers can turn off their cell phonewhen at home or in the office and still receive their calls, savingmobile minutes in the process.

By way of further example, the call screening and call transfer serviceshelp subscribers control which calls they take and where they takeincoming calls. For example, call screening enables users to listen tovoice messages in real-time and, if they choose, interrupt the messageto take the call. Call transfer enables subscribers to substantiallyinstantly transfer a live cell phone call to a home phone, office phone,or another destination (e.g., by pressing an appropriate keypad key onthe subscriber's mobile phone, such as the “2” key). Optionally, theuser and/or system operator can configure the user's account so that acaller will be informed that a call transfer is about to take place orhas taken place.

Optionally, as similarly discussed elsewhere herein, the call processingsystem provides voice mail service for the user's fixed work phone. Forexample, a user can be assigned a personal VTN (virtual telephonenumber). By way of illustration, when a call is placed to the VTN, thecall is optionally connected to the call processing system. The call canthen be connected by the call processing system to the user (e.g., byplacing an outcall to a terminal associated with the user and bridgingthe incoming call and the out call), to a mailbox or other service orplatform associated with the user. Optionally, calls placed to the VTNcan be screened by the caller. Optionally, calls placed to the VTN, andforwarded to a user terminal, can be further transferred in response toa user instruction to another destination. Optionally, calls placed tothe VTN can be expanded into a conference call in response to a userinstruction. Incoming calls placed or forwarded to the VTN areoptionally automatically transferred/connected to a user's mobile phone.However, prior to the transfer, the call processing system determines ifthe mobile phone is unavailable (e.g., on and within range), and if notthe call is automatically transferred to another destination, asconfigured by the user in a user profile. For example, the call can betransferred to a fixed phone (e.g., a non-cellular phone) or a VoIPphone associated with the user. By way of further example, the call canbe transferred to a computer associated with the user, wherein thecomputer includes a telecommunications client. Optionally, the computerand client are configured to accesses servers, such as those associatedwith the call processing system, through a corporate firewall to enablecertain call services described herein to be provided.

For example, when the user is working at a computer (e.g., a personalcomputer or other networked terminal, such as a smart phone), the user'scontact list and call log can be used to initiate bridged outcalls usingthe fixed or mobile phone. This service is optionally promoted to thecorporate IT department and offers self-administration of user accounts.Optionally, calls can be provided to a receiving computer or otherterminal (such as a dedicated VoIP phone) using VoIP. Call conferencingmay be used as well.

As similarly described herein, optionally, a single phone number (e.g.,a VTN) associated with a subscriber can be used to reach communicationdevices (e.g., a mobile phone, a work fixed, landline phone, a homefixed, landline phone, a VoIP phone, etc.) associated with differentlines and/or carriers. Optionally, the single phone number is providedin call signaling, such as in a Caller ID field, associated with acalled placed from the different subscriber communication devices sothat the number is automatically published to the people called (e.g.,appears in a Caller ID display or other call identifier displayassociated with the called party). The transfer and conferencing callmanagement functions are optionally made available by the system oninbound calls to the subscriber and on outcalls placed by thesubscriber. Optionally, mobile location information is used to help makerouting choices. A contact list/electronic address book can be providedvia a mobile phone, a user computer (e.g., via a telecommunicationsclient, a browser, or otherwise), or other networked display device. Forexample, a given contact list record can include some or all of thefollowing data and/or additional or different data: name, phone numberswith phone number type designations (work, home, mobile, VoIP, etc.),email address, physical address, SMS/MMS address, contact title, contactemployer, etc. Optionally, the VTN is integrated into the mobile networkvia an MVNO arrangement and support for Local Number Portability toprovide the foregoing services.

FIG. 33 illustrates an example contact database user interface. In thisexample, the user interface is accessed via a browser from a remotecomputer system. The illustrated user interface includes fields for acontacts name, phone number, and email address. In addition links(Invite, Reinvite) are provided for certain contacts which, whenactivated cause an invitation to the corresponding contacts to beinitiated, wherein the invitation describes call processing servicesthat may be subscribed to. Optionally, the invite link is provided whenthe contact has not yet been sent a communication via the softswitch orother designated system to try certain services. If an invitation hadpreviously been sent, a Reinvite link is optionally provided, which,when activated, causes a follow-up invitation to be issued to thecontact. Optionally, subscribers who click on or otherwise activate theInvite link for contact that does not have an email address entry areasked to enter an email address first. Tabs are provided (e.g., rewardscenter, call log, phone book, settings, account info, and/or help tabs)which when selected cause corresponding user interfaces to be presented.

Certain optional embodiments promote services disclosed herein topotential users, such as individual business employees. Optionally,certain services (e.g., a voice mail service, call log service that canbe accessed from a computer-based terminal, a call forwarding service, amessage forwarding service, etc.) disclosed herein are provided at noadditional cost to a user to encourage users to try and adopt theservices. Optionally, users can setup their service without support ofIT (Information Technology) personnel.

As users use the service, they may disseminate advantages regarding theenhanced services within their company directly and through use of thefeatures that promote services to others. As more employees utilize theservices, the employees are likely to request or encourage the ITdepartment to more broadly utilize the service within the company sothat others can take advantage of the services and advanced features.The IT department can then contact the service provider and obtain adesired number of employee licenses for the desired services.Optionally, the IT department administers employee accounts via a webinterface provided by the service provider.

As use grows and there is a desire to have the possibly reduced cost andefficiencies associated with the use of a single phone number forreaching an employee at work, home, and/or on a mobile device, the ITdepartment may contract for still additional enhanced services.

Optionally, certain services are provided without a financial charge,but are provided with promotion features to facilitate adoption of theservice and/or other services within a company. For example, certainpromotion messages may be played to people calling a subscriber, or topeople being called or contacted by the subscriber. For example, if acaller leaves records a message for a subscriber on a call processing,the subscriber optionally can utilize a user interface (e.g., providedby the telecommunications client) to forward the recorded message (e.g.,as a file or a link to a file) to a recipient, wherein the emailcontains a promotional message (e.g., a text and/or multimedia message),encouraging the user to try the service. Similarly a contact (e.g.,accessed via the telecommunications client) can be forwarded by thesubscriber, wherein promotional information is attached to or associatedwith the contact file. Further, when a caller leaves a message on thecall processing system, optionally a trailer prompt is played promotingone or more call processing services. The message can be played beforeor after the caller records the message.

The following is a glossary of abbreviations used herein:

Glossary AA Automated Attendant BCM Business Call Management BS BaseStation DID Direct Inward Dialing HLR Home Location Register IP InternetProtocol IT Information Technology LERG Local Exchange Routing Guide LNPLocal Number Portability MA Mobile Answering MFI Mobile/Fixed Inboundcall MFON Mobile/Fixed One-Number MMS Multimedia Messaging Service MSCMobile Switching Center MVNO Mobile Virtual Network Operator RTP RealTime Transport Protocol SIP Session Initiation Protocol TYF Tell YourFriend service promotion (e.g., communicated by subscribers tonon-subscribers). VLR Visitor Location Register

An overview of an example embodiment will now be described. An examplecall processing system (which is sometimes referred to as a softswitch)is described below which can receive and forward voice messages, enablesusers to screen and transfer calls and to initiate conference calls, andoptionally provides BCM services. The call processing system includes aninterface to the PSTN to manage inbound and outbound telephone and/orfax calls, and optionally includes an interface to the Internet tomanage communications between online IP client devices and callprocessing system servers.

The call processing system optionally includes an online presencedetection Internet Session Management subsystem, which monitors thestatus of subscriber data terminals to determine subscriber terminalavailability for call handling services. A shared Media Storage (MS)subsystem, which persistently archives the caller's voice messages andassociated signaling information (e.g., the caller's phone number, name,charge phone number, account number, or other identifier), the calledparty/subscriber's personal greeting(s), incoming fax communications,and information related to the foregoing, is optionally furtherincluded. The call processing system optionally includes a database (DB)subsystem in which called party/subscriber call processing systemservice parameters (e.g., call answering, call transfer, voice mail,call screening instructions, etc.).

One or more of the foregoing subsystems can be hosted on the samecomputer system (e.g., a server), or subsystems can be hosted onseparate corresponding computer systems. If the foregoing subsystems arehosted on different computer, they are optionally interconnected via awired or wireless Local Area Network (LAN) and/or via a Wide AreaNetwork (WAN).

The call processing system service optionally works with the “CallForward On Busy” feature of a standard or non-standard phone line toanswer calls (e.g., while the subscriber is online and is using thephone line to access the Internet or is using the line to talk toanother party). Thus, if the user's line is busy, the call is forwardedto the call processing system. The call processing can also processcalls that are received as a result of a call forwarding onring-no-answer condition, or a call-forward-all calls condition. Thecall processing system can also receive calls that are not forwarded,but are instead dialed to a phone number that is consistently answeredby the call processing system and optionally associated with thesubscriber. Optionally, after answering a call, the call processingsystem plays a greeting to the caller after which the caller can leave avoice message which is recorded by the call processing system. Therecording can be streamed in substantially real-time, or emailed ordownloaded over the Internet or other network to a user computer systemor phone as described herein. Optionally, the subscriber can elect tointeract with the caller while they are still on the line or can callthem back at a later time.

The call processing system can communicate with a variety of subscribercomputer terminals (e.g., a personal computer, a smart phone, the workcomputer illustrated below, etc.). The computer terminal can optionallybe equipped with a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) software moduleand a headset or a handset, including a microphone and speaker, allowingvoice communications to be conducted over a computer network, such asthe Internet. VoIP communicates information via packet switching, whichopens a connection just long enough to send a small packet of data. Eachpacket includes a destination address informing the network where tosend the packet along with the actual voice data payload. If thereceiving station is also a VoIP terminal, then when the receivingterminal receives the packets, VoIP software executing on the receivingterminal reassembles the packets into the original data stream. The datastream is then converted to a voice signal. If the receiving station isa conventional telephone, then a VoIP gateway converts the packets intoa voice signal that is then connected to the PSTN.

Optionally, the VoIP process is performed using the H.323 standardizedprotocol established by the International Telecommunications Union(ITU). Advantageously, H.323 provides specifications for real-time,interactive videoconferencing, data sharing and audio applications suchas IP telephony. In addition or instead, the Session Initiation Protocol(SIP) can be used. SIP is generally more efficient than the H.323protocol as SIP is specifically intended for IP telephony. In additionor instead, proprietary protocols, such as Skype protocol, can be used(e.g., where multi-vendor interoperability is not needed).

The subscriber computer terminal can optionally host a browser or othernetwork resource user interface, an email application for receiving andsending emails, and an instant messaging application (e.g., IAM).

Optionally residing and executing on the computer terminal is acommunications management client application. In one example, when auser or subscriber connects to the Internet using, for example, adial-up ISP, the client application executing on the subscriber'scomputer terminal makes the subscriber's online presence known to thecall processing system. Presence detection is optionally performed bythe call processing system polling or pinging the computer terminal viathe telecommunications client application, or by the telecommunicationsclient application transmitting a “Login/I'm alive” message andsubsequent periodic “keep alive” messages to the call processing system.Just prior to the normal termination of the online Internet session, theclient application optionally sends a “Logout” message to the callprocessing system.

If, rather than using a dial-up connection, the user or subscriber isusing a broadband connection, such as a DSL line or cable modem, theclient application optionally becomes active when the subscribercomputer is turned on or powered up and stays on until the user manuallyshuts down the client application, or the computer is turned off orpowered down.

The subscriber can install the telecommunications client for use on morethan one computer-based system (e.g., a work computer, a laptop, a homecomputer, a smart phone hosting an appropriate operating system, such asWindows mobile, Linux, Palm OS, or other compatible operating system).Optionally, multiple instances of the telecommunications client can besimultaneously online with the softswitch. Optionally, the onlineinstances of the client are notified by the softswitch of an incomingcall and are presented with the call. Similarly, online instances of theclient are optionally synchronized by the softswitch with call orcontact updates.

The telecommunications management client application is used to provideand display one or more of call and message information to thesubscriber (e.g., information regarding incoming calls, call logs),contact information via a contact database/electronic address book(e.g., including some or all of the following: name, title, company,phone number(s), instant messaging address, email address, etc.),information regarding credits or bonuses earned by the subscriber (e.g.,wireless phone calling minutes earned as a result of callers calling thesubscriber, earned as a result of invitations from the subscriber toothers to subscribe to call managing services, earned as a result ofinvitation acceptances, etc.), or the bonuses redeemed by thesubscriber. The telecommunications management client enables asubscriber to listen to recorded messages to provide call handlinginstructions to the call processing system (e.g., take the call, forwardthe call, place a conference call, take a message, refuse the call,etc.). Thus, the telecommunications client is available to thesubscriber for viewing calls and contacts (e.g., via a tabbed display).The client can, by way of example and not limitation, be hosted on acomputer (e.g., a personal computer, a smart phone, an entertainmentcenter) running Windows XP, 2000, 98/ME, or 95, Windows Mobile edition,Sun Solaris, Apple OS X, Linux, or other operating system. Some or allof the information and functions available via the telecommunicationsclient or optionally available via Web pages hosted by the softswitch orother system and which can be accessed via a browser.

The subscriber's call log is displayed in response to a subscriberaction (e.g., when a Calls tab is selected on the telecommunicationsclient user interface). The subscriber's call lists calls that werereceived by the softswitch (e.g., call forwarded from the subscriber'smobile phone to the softswitch). In an example embodiment, the mostrecent call is listed first and any new, unreviewed calls arehighlighted or otherwise identified or emphasized. Some or all of thefollowing information is displayed for a given call: name (e.g., thename associated with the caller phone number in the subscriber's contactlist, if available; the caller's name, if available from the callsignaling information; otherwise “Unknown”, where “Unknown” optionallyappears as a link and when clicked opens the edit contact window withsome or all of the call's signaling information displayed inpre-populated fields), phone number from the CallerID signaling field(or, if the call signaling information indicates that the call isdesignated as private, “Private” is displayed, or if callerIDinformation is unavailable, “Unknown is displayed), call outcome (e.g.,if the caller left a message, an indication that a message was left anda message duration, if the caller was connected to the subscriber, anindication that the connection was made and the call duration,otherwise, a no message left indication is provided), and the localdate/time of call (optionally including a time zone indicator).

Optionally, if a call was placed to a VTN associated with thesubscriber, the call log will list both the VTN (or provide anindicator, such as an icon, that the call was placed to the VTN) and anindicator (e.g., an icon, name, and/or phone number) as to which linethe subscriber took the call. For example, if a caller called thesubscriber's VTN, and the subscriber took the call on the subscriber'smobile phone, the call log entry can so indicate.

Clicking on or otherwise moving a cursor to a call entry in the call logselects the call, and then applicable button controls then apply to thatcall. Optionally, the first time the call log is displayed in a givensession, the first (most recent) call is selected by default.Optionally, when switching between call log and contacts userinterfaces, the previously selected call is remembered and redisplayedwhen the call log is again selected.

If a message (e.g., a recorded message from a caller) is associated withthe call, the message can be played by clicking on a Play button. Whilea call is playing, a sliding cursor shows play progress. Playing can bestopped at a desired point by clicking a stop/pause button, or a playcursor can be repositioned to restart play at another point. Optionally,call volume can be adjusted via a client application call control and/orvia a separate operating system or other volume control.

A Delete control is provided, which, when activated, causes the deletionof a call log entry. An Undo control is optionally provided, which, whenactivated can undelete previously deleted calls (e.g., up to a certainlimit, such as the last 10 deleted calls).

A Forward control is optionally provided, which, when activated causesinformation regarding the currently selected call to be forwarded to adesignated recipient (e.g., via email, SMS, MMS, instant messaging,etc.). Activating the Forward control optionally causes a drop down listof the subscriber's contacts, or a portion thereof, to be displayed.Optionally, the subscriber contacts are listed alphabetically by name,and optionally contact entries without a name are excluded or listedafter those entries with a name.

An Invite button control provided is provided (optionally, when thecontact has not yet been sent an email or other electronic invitationvia the softswitch to try certain services (e.g., TYF email or otherelectronic communication) to the given address (e.g., email address) orif the address is blank; if an invitation had previously been sent, aReinvite control is optionally provided. Optionally, subscribers whoclick on or otherwise activate the Invite button control for a blankemail address are asked to enter an email address first; otherwise, bothInvite and Reinvite display a TYF form with this entry's email addresspre-populated.

The subscriber's call log is optionally stored on the subscriber'scomputer and is available when the application client is offline. Assimilarly discussed elsewhere herein, the call log stored on thesubscriber's computer is synchronized with the softswitch when thetelecommunications client logs in to the softswitch, and synchronizationis optionally periodically performed while online (e.g., every minute,every two minutes, or at other interval) while the client is online.

Optionally, when an incoming call is received, the telecommunicationsclient is automatically maximized or increased in size if it iscurrently minimized, the information about the caller (e.g., name, phonenumber, and/or city/state) is displayed, and the message being left bythe caller is played, unless the speaker mute control is activated, asdiscussed below. When the call completes, the call is optionallydisplayed as the first call in the call log and it is highlighted orotherwise emphasized (e.g., via a new call icon) to indicate it is a newcall. Optionally, an indication is provided (e.g., via a blinking icon)that new calls have been received until the indicator is clicked on orthe new calls in the call log are clicked.

If incoming calls are received by the softswitch when atelecommunications client is offline, when the telecommunications clientgoes online and a session is established with the softswitch,information related to those incoming calls is transmitted by thesoftswitch to the client. The call information to the calls isoptionally displayed at the top of the call log (or at anotherdesignated position) with highlighting or other indicator that indicatesthe calls are new calls, and optionally, an icon is blinked or otherwiseemphasized to indicate that new calls have been received.

Optionally, the telecommunications client has a user accessible control(e.g., with a speaker icon) for muting telecommunications sound signalsthat would otherwise be produced by the host computer speaker. Whenclicked on or depressed, sound from the client application to thespeaker is muted, and when not depressed or when clicked on again, thesound is unmuted. Optionally, the subscriber can control the defaultstate/position of the mute control for incoming calls (e.g., via theoption setting “Enable speaker during incoming calls”). Optionally, bydefault the client application sound to the speaker is not muted forincoming calls. If the user clicks on a message entry in a call log toplay the message (or otherwise activates a play message control),optionally the mute control automatically changes to the unmutedposition/state, and again changes to its specified defaultposition/state if an incoming call is received. The mute control can beclicked while playing a message or receiving a call to change thespeaker/mute behavior.

As discussed above, Internet protocol telephony, such as VoIP (voiceover Internet protocol), may use, in whole or in part, the SessionInitiation Protocol (SIP) as the signaling protocol. SIP is astandardized signaling protocol which can be used for Internetconferencing, telephony, presence, events notification and instantmessaging. The Session Initiation Protocol is currently an InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF) standard protocol. There may be severalversions and implementations of SIP, including non-standard versions.SIP, by way of example, enables one or more of the following services tobe provided, using proxy servers and end user client systems:

1. Call forwarding: call forwarding can be provided in response to oneor more of the following conditions: ring-no answer, busy, unconditionalcall forwarding, address manipulations (such as permanent numbers (e.g.,700 numbers), free phone numbers (e.g., 800, 866 numbers), and paidinformation numbers (e.g., 900 numbers)).

2. Call recipient and calling number identification

3. Personal mobility

4. Caller and call recipient authentication

5. Invitations to a multicast conference

6. Basic Automatic Call Distribution (ACD)

A call may optionally be routed partially over the Internet, using SIPor other protocols, and partially over a circuit-switched network, suchas a PSTN (public switched telephone network). The PSTN may utilize avariety of signaling and other standards, such as the SS7 signalingprotocol.

SIP is a request-response protocol. In one embodiment, SIP can be usedfor establishing, manipulating and tearing down user sessions, whereinseveral users can optionally participate in a session. A session canoptionally involve multimedia elements including audio, video, instantmessaging, and/or other real-time data communications. By way of furtherexample, a session can be an Internet multimedia conference, an Internettelephone call and/or a multimedia distribution session. Optionally,session members can communicate using multicast and/or using a mesh ofunicast relations.

SIP can optionally run over UDP (User Datagram Protocol), TCP, IP, ATM,X.25 and/or other protocols. In one embodiment, SIP can work in theApplication layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)communications model.

In one embodiment, SIP invitations are used to create sessions. Theinvitation can carry session descriptions which enable participants toagree on a set of compatible media types. SIP enables user mobility byproviding proxy services and redirecting requests to the user's currentlocation. For example, users can register their current location so thatcalls can be directed to a telephone or other terminal corresponding tothe location.

An example system that can be used to support SIP can include some orall of the following components:

1. An endpoint component, sometimes referred to as a user agent (UA),which can be a hardware and/or software device implementing orcompatible with SIP, such as an Internet Protocol (IP) phone or otherterminal. The endpoint components can include a client used to initiatecalls and a server used to answer calls. By way of further example, aSIP Proxy, a SIP phone, a call processing system, and so on, can be SIPendpoints.

2. A SIP network server that handles signaling associated with one ormore calls. By way of example, in an optional embodiment, the networkserver provides name resolution and user location. The SIP networkserver can include one or more additional servers. For example, the SIPserver can include a Register server used to receive registrationmessages from endpoints regarding current user location. Using a mappingdatabase, the Register server can map the SIP addresses with thephysical location or locations in the domain where the endpoint islocated. The SIP network server can also include a proxy system thattransmits call setup and tear down information and optionally forwardsSIP messages to multiple proxy servers, creating a search tree, in orderfor the SIP messages to reach their destination. In addition, a SIPproxy can discover endpoint characteristics of an endpoint by consultinga list of registration templates, including dynamic configurationparameters, for that endpoint. The network server can also include a SIPRedirect server that enables endpoints to locate a desired address byredirecting one or more of the endpoint to another server.

SIP addresses can be the form of uniform resource locators (URL). By wayof example, SIP addresses can optionally be embedded in Web pages. Incertain applications, a user can click on a SIP address embedded in aWeb or other electronic document, and in response, a call can be placedfrom the user terminal to the SIP address, and the user can then talk tothe person or system associated with the SIP address and/or send datafiles to the person or system associated with the SIP address.

When making a SIP call using a SIP terminal, the SIP terminal locatesthe appropriate server and then sends a SIP request, such as aninvitation that initiates a session. The request may directly reach theintended call recipient, or the request may be redirected or may triggera chain of new SIP requests by proxies. If a call is to be routedthrough a number of different proxy servers, a redirect server can beused. When a caller's user agent sends an INVITE request to the redirectserver, the redirect server contacts the location server to determinethe path to the called party, and then the redirect server sends thatinformation back to the caller. The caller terminal then acknowledgesreceipt of the information. The caller terminal then sends a request tothe device indicated in the redirection information (which could be thecall recipient terminal or another server that will forward therequest). Once the request reaches the call recipient terminal, therecipient terminal transmits a response and the caller acknowledges theresponse.

The Real Time Protocol (RTP), Real Time Control Protocol (RTCP), and/orother appropriate protocols can be used to send audio using packets overthe Internet to allow the caller and call recipient to verballycommunicate. By way of example, the packets can optionally be UDPpackets.

Optionally, calls directed to one more selected numbers can be routed bya SIP provider to a call processing system optionally operated by aseparate entity than the SIP provider. The call processing system canprovide telephone services by integrating with one or more InternetServices Providers (ISP), SIP providers and/or other telephonyproviders.

FIG. 27 illustrates example system components and call flows used toprovide certain call processing features. In this example, a callerinitiates a call to the subscriber's mobile phone and the call is routedto a call processing system including a softswitch (e.g., software thatperforms switching on a server) associated with an enhanced call processservice provider. In this example, the call is not answered using themobile phone.

The subscriber, when registering for the MA service, changes or sets the“no answer call forwarding” of their mobile phone to forward to a pilotnumber (e.g., 775-665-1234 or other designated number or address)associated with softswitch, instead of the voice mail system of theirwireless carrier. The pilot number can be a member of the hunt group. Ahunt group enables an incoming call to be directed to an idle telephonestation in a preprogrammed group when the called station is busy. In anexample embodiment, when the pilot number is dialed, a “hunt” process isperformed to find a vacant line (e.g., non-busy). By way of furtherexample, calls not answered can be configured to forward to apredetermined location, such as the next line in a hunt group or toanother predetermined line.

Referring to FIG. 27, an example call handling sequence in this scenariois as follows:

At state 101A, a caller dials the phone number of the subscriber'smobile phone. The number is recognized in the PSTN as associated with orowned by a corresponding wireless carrier, and so the call is routed toa Mobile Switching Center (MSC) serving that number.

At state 102A, the MSC determines that the mobile phone is accessible(e.g., the mobile phone is on and within range of a cellular tower) andnot roaming, so the MSC routes the call to the mobile phone via a BaseStation (BS) currently serving the mobile phone. The mobile phone is notanswered in this example, and so at state 103A the MSC consults the HomeLocation Register (HLR) for this number and determines that calls to thenumber are forwarded on a “no-answer” condition to a designated pilotnumber (e.g., 775-665-1234 or other designated number or address)serviced by the softswitch.

At state 104A, the MSC forwards the call to the softswitch, whichanswers the call, determines that the call is for a subscriber, accessesthe subscriber's account configuration (e.g., which includes some or allof the following: subscriber call processing, transfer, screeninginstructions, subscriber work and home fixed phone addresses, mobilephone address, information identifying information related to one ormore telecommunications clients associated with the subscriber, etc.),plays the subscriber's personal greeting (if one exits), a spoken namegreeting, or a default system greeting, and begins recording a messagefrom the caller.

At state 105A, if the computer-based communications management clientapplication (sometimes referred to as a PC Client) residing on thesubscriber's work computer (or other designated terminal) is currentlylogged into/communicating with the softswitch, the call is optionallyalso routed to the work computer via the Internet and then passesthrough the corporate firewall to reach the work computer. In thisexample, the firewall is penetrated by virtue of the computer-basedclient initiated session originating from the work computer over aTCP/IP, or other appropriate connection. For example, thetelecommunications client optionally automatically adjusts its interfaceto the softswitch as needed to penetrate a corporate firewall. Forexample, the client can determine certain firewall properties orconditions, and at least partly in response choose an interface,optionally, the most efficient available interface for the givenfirewall conditions. Optionally, the telecommunications clientperiodically tries to alter the interface it is using to determine ifthere is a more efficient interface for the current firewall conditions,and if so, uses the altered interface.

Optionally, if the telecommunications client cannot access thesoftswitch for a given reason, including not being able to penetrate thefirewall, corresponding feedback is provided to the subscriber (e.g., anicon in the system tray is shown with a yellow X or other failureindication). If this failure condition persists beyond a certain periodof time or after a certain period of retries, optionally the subscriberis instructed to contact customer care (e.g., by phone, form, email, orotherwise).

At state 106A, the subscriber can screen the call via the work computer.For example, the caller can be connected to the subscriber over ahalf-duplex talk path, where the subscriber can hear the caller, and thecaller cannot hear the subscriber. Mute and volume controls are providedso that the user can avoid broadcasting the call to other employees.After the call is over, the softswitch and/or client application insertsan entry in the client application's call log for the new call and theassociated voice message. The subscriber can provide a playbackinstruction (e.g., by clicking on a playback control or the log entry),and the message is played back via the client application using the hostcomputer audio system and speakers, enabling the subscriber to reviewthe recorded message. Messages are optionally retained in the softswitchand/or on the subscriber's work computer (or other terminal) for apredetermined amount of time (e.g., 30 days), or indefinitely

At state 107A, when the call is over (e.g., the caller or called partyhang up to terminate the call), the subscriber's contact database isoptionally updated to include this call. If the call is from a callerthat already has an entry in the subscriber's contact database (e.g., asdetermined by comparing the Caller ID or other identification associatedwith the call to corresponding identification information in contactdatabase records), call frequency data for an existing contact isupdated to include the new call (e.g., a call frequency counter isoptionally provided for a given contact that keeps track of how manycalls are received from the contact as an overall total and/or a totalfor a specified period, such as the last twelve months). If the calleridentification information does not correspond to an existing contactentry, the system optionally creates a new contact including caller nameand city/state location, wherein some or all of the foregoinginformation is auto-populated into the contact record using callsignaling information. By way of example, the contact database/list canbe stored in a remote database for later access and/or on thesubscriber's computer or other terminal. Optionally, if multiple copiesof the subscriber's contact database are kept, the host systems cansynchronize over a network and update their respective contactdatabases.

At state 108A, a message (e.g., a text message, such as an SMS message,MMS message, email, or other communication) is sent to the subscriber'smobile phone via an Internet-connected gateway (or otherwise) informingthe subscriber that a call was missed and a message was left. Thesubscriber can then ask the softswitch to playback the message, forwardthe message, or otherwise process the message. The subscriber has theoption of requesting that notifications regarding missed calls beprovided via an email, which can contain a link to the message or a filecontaining the message, if any.

The subscriber also has the option of retrieving the message that wasleft via a communications client, via a phone client, via a website(e.g., using a browser), or via a Member Mobile Zone (e.g., a Website/page that provides a subscriber with help and/or an accountmanagement user interface via which the user can perform featureconfigurations which are then stored in memory) which is optionallyhosted on the softswitch or other server. In an example embodiment, thephone client is accessed by dialing a pilot number (such as775-665-1234, or other designated number, address or locator).

If the access is performed from the subscriber's mobile phone or otherphone having a phone address registered in the subscriber's account asbelonging to or associated with the subscriber (e.g., the subscriber'shome phone address, work phone address, etc.) which the subscriber hasdesignated for account access and instant message playback withouthaving to enter a password, the phone client optionally immediatelybegins message playback (e.g., receiving/reviewing messages).Optionally, if the user does not use a designated phone, but wants toretrieve the messages using another phone, the subscriber is optionallyrequested to enter identification information (e.g., the designatedmobile phone number, user identifier and/or a password). In addition,the subscriber's personal greeting can be recorded via the phone clientor computer-based client, or otherwise.

Example processing of Mobile/Fixed Inbound calls will now be discussed.FIG. 28 illustrates example system components involved in providing BCMMobile/Fixed Inbound call functionality. VTNs are optionally used toprovide expanded call routing control. Optionally, a call forwardingservice is provided where calls to the subscriber's business or otherfixed phone (e.g., a phone connected to a PSTN, PBX (Private BrancheXchange), or Key system) are forwarded to the softswitch. Call routingwithin an entity, such as a corporation or other organization, or atother locations, may be performed via Centrex, traditional PBX, IP PBX,other unconventional PBX, Key system, or otherwise.

The softswitch optionally handles corporate/organization call switching(e.g., using a PBX or other system) by routing calls through a corporatePBX and associated Auto-Attendant (AA). With reference to FIG. 28,PBX/AA generically refers to the corporate switching infrastructure,which is optionally embedded in the PSTN, (e.g., as with Centrex, whichprovides switching at the central office instead of at the customer'spremises).

The process illustrated in FIG. 28 sequences through an example callscenario in which a caller initiates a call to the subscriber's VTN, andthe softswitch substantially simultaneously routes the call to thesubscriber's fixed phone and computer-based telecommunications client.In this illustrative example, the subscriber screens the call (e.g., viaa half duplex talk path), takes the call (wherein a full duplex talkpath is established), and then later requests the softswitch transferthe call to the subscriber's mobile phone.

At state 201, a caller dials the VTN assigned to a subscriber. At state202, the phone address is recognized in the PSTN as owned by/associatedwith a VoIP Service Provider, and so routes the call to the VoIP ServiceProvider switch serving that phone address. At state 203, a SIP Proxy(which optionally is provided by or operated by a third party) convertsthe PSTN call to SIP (or other desired protocol) and transmits a messageto the softswitch informing the softswitch of the call.

At state 204, the softswitch determines that the call is for asubscriber, determines the subscriber owning or associated with thisVTN, accesses the subscriber's account configuration (e.g., whichincludes some or all of the following: subscriber call processing,transfer, screening instructions, subscriber work and home fixed phoneaddresses, mobile phone address, information identifying informationrelated to one or more telecommunications clients associated with thesubscriber, etc.), and dials the subscriber's fixed phone address. Inthis example, the fixed phone sits behind a PBX and there is no DIDinbound call routing, so the softswitch performs a two-stage dialingprocess to get through the PBX and Auto Attendant. Other embodiments canhave different configurations. For example, other embodiments can haveDID inbound call routing, wherein as calls are presented to the PBX, theaddress that the caller dialed is also provided, so that the PBX candecide which person/extension to route the call to.

At state 205, the subscriber answers the fixed phone and screens thecall (e.g., hears the message being left by the caller, wherein the pathfrom the subscriber to the caller is muted so the caller cannot hear thesubscriber). If the call had not been answered within two rings (orother designated number of rings or period of time), the softswitchwould optionally have next automatically attempted to deliver the callto the subscriber's mobile phone by placing an outcall to the phoneaddress assigned to the mobile phone.

At state 206, the softswitch routes the call to the subscriber's workcomputer (optionally at substantially the same time the call is beingrouted to the fixed phone) through a corporate firewall, so that thesubscriber also has the option of screening the call via the workcomputer using the telecommunications client. Optionally, the softswitchinstructs the client Serial Not to play a ringing sound via thecomputer, as the call is being presented in parallel to the subscriber'sfixed phone, which is already ringing.

At state 207, the subscriber presses 1 on (or provides other designatedinput via) the subscriber's fixed phone to take the call. The softswitchdetects the corresponding DTMF signal (or other designated input) andopens a two-way talk path between the caller and the fixed phone.

At state 208, in this example, while talking, the subscriber decides togo to a meeting at another location, and so presses 2 (or provides otherdesignated input) to transfer the call to the mobile phone so that thesubscriber can continue the conversation while walking or driving to themeeting.

At state 209, the softswitch detects the DTMF tone (or other designatedinput) corresponding to the subscriber instructions and dials thesubscriber's mobile phone address. The call is delivered to the mobilephone via the PSTN, MSC, and BS.

At state 210, the subscriber answers the mobile phone. At this point thecaller, the mobile phone, and the fixed phone are temporarilyconferenced together. When the subscriber hangs up the fixed phone, thecall leg to the fixed phone is dropped, and the call between the callerand mobile phone is maintained. The subscriber and caller can thenconverse, with the subscriber using the mobile phone.

In the foregoing example, the subscriber elected to have the call routedto a mobile phone. Optionally, other transfer destinations can bepresented to the subscriber and/or specified by the subscriber. Forexample, optionally the subscriber can select from a number of routingchoices that are based on simultaneous ring or serial ring of theavailable destinations (e.g., a work fixed phone, a telecommunicationsclient, a mobile phone, and/or a VoIP phone). Optionally the subscribercan also define the call handling to be time-of-day based. For example,the subscriber can specify via a user interface (e.g., presented via thetelecommunications client, a Web page or otherwise) that during certainhours and days (such as hours that correspond to the subscriber'sworking hours and days), calls are not be routed to the subscriber'shome phone, and optionally that the routing choices should not includethe subscriber's home phone. Similarly, the subscriber can specify viathe user interface that during certain hours and days (such as outsideof work hours), calls are not be routed to the subscriber's work phoneand may be routed to the subscriber's home phone, and optionally thatthe routing choices should not include the subscriber's work phone.

If the subscriber chooses not to publish the subscriber's VTN (e.g.,instructs that the VTN number be blocked, marked as private, or notproviding in the signaling information on outgoing calls) and insteadcontinues to have callers call either the subscriber's fixed phone ormobile phone (e.g., using the phone numbers assigned to those phones bythe corresponding carriers), the example scenario below and illustratedin FIG. 29, may be more representative of how certain calls would behandled. In this example scenario, the caller calls the subscriber'sfixed phone, and rather than answering the fixed phone when it rings,the subscriber lets the call be auto-forwarded (based on forwardingconfiguration instructions provided by the subscriber or thesubscriber's agent) to the softswitch after two rings (or otherdesignated number of rings or period of time, optionally configured bythe carrier and/or the subscriber). The softswitch then presents thecall to the subscriber via the telecommunications client, via which thesubscriber can screen the call (e.g., by listening to a message as it isbeing recorded by the caller over a half duplex talk path so that thecaller cannot hear the subscriber) and the subscriber can choose how thecall is to be handled.

At state 301, a caller dials a phone number associated with a landline,fixed phone, and the call is routed through the PSTN to theorganization's PBX. The call could instead have originated from a phoneinside the organization and similarly routed through the PBX to thesubscriber's fixed phone.

At state 302, the fixed phone rings, but in this example, the subscriberdoes not answer the fixed phone (e.g., because the subscriber prefers todeal with the call on the subscriber's computer or other terminal). Thesubscriber optionally has the ringer on the fixed phone set to silent ornearly silent so that the phone ring does not disturb officemates.

At state 303, the call auto-forwards after two rings (or otherdesignated number of rings or time period) to the softswitch because thesubscriber's IT department (or other person or entity) has set up thisfixed phone and/or associated line to forward calls to the softswitch ona “No Answer” condition (that is, when the subscriber's phone is notanswered within a predetermined number of rings). The softswitchdetermines that the call is for a subscriber, determines the subscriberidentity, accesses the subscriber's account configuration (e.g., whichincludes some or all of the following: subscriber call processing,transfer, screening instructions, subscriber work and home fixed phoneaddresses, mobile phone address, information identifying informationrelated to one or more telecommunications clients associated with thesubscriber, etc.).

At state 304, the softswitch recognizes that the subscriber'stelecommunications client is online (e.g., via a communication from theclient to the softswitch) and that the caller is not one of thesubscriber's VIP contacts (e.g., a caller that has been designated as apriority or preferred caller by the subscriber, wherein the designationhas been stored and is now retrieved from a database). Therefore, thesoftswitch presents the call at the telecommunications client and beginsthe screening process using a half-duplex talk path, as similarlydescribed above. If the caller was a VIP contact, the softswitch isoptionally configured to provide special call treatment. For example, inresponse to a subscriber-specified configuration, the softswitch canbypass screening and immediately provide a full-duplex talk path onanswer, or the softswitch substantially simultaneously ring multiplesubscriber communication devices (e.g., the subscriber's mobile andfixed phone) without answering/screening the call, and if that failed(e.g., the mobile or fixed phones were not answered), a message from theVIP caller can then be recorded (or, if so pre-configured by thesubscriber, the softswitch can try still another communication device,such as a VoIP phone associated with the subscriber) for later retrievalby the subscriber.

At state 305, the subscriber decides to take the call on thesubscriber's mobile phone (e.g., because the subscriber is about toleave the office or other location), and so provides a correspondinginstruction to the softswitch (e.g., by activating a “take call onmobile phone” menu selection presented on the telecommunications clientor otherwise). As discussed below, FIG. 35 illustrates an example userinterface via which the subscriber can specify where a call is to betaken.

At state 306, the softswitch recognizes the instruction issued by thesubscriber via the client and so dials the mobile phone. The call isoptionally delivered to the mobile phone via the PSTN, MSC, and BS.

At state 307, the subscriber answers the mobile phone, and a two-waytalk path is established with the caller by the softswitch so that thecaller and subscriber can converse.

Of course, other destination options can optionally be presented to thesubscriber in the above process. For example, the telecommunicationsclient may provide “take the call” menu selections that include: mobilephone, work landline phone, home landline phone, VoIP phone, etc. If,for example, the subscriber selected the “take the call at home phone”menu selection (or otherwise requested to take the call at home), thesoftswitch responds by routing the call to the subscriber's fixed, homephone.

FIG. 34 illustrates a user interface. In this example, the userinterface displays a message (“ready for calls” that indicates when theclient application is ready to place or receive calls. FIG. 35illustrates the user interface of FIG. 34, except in this example, anincoming call has been received by the softswitch. The user interfacedisplays caller identification information for the caller (e.g.,callerID/name information obtained by the softswitch from call signalinginformation and/or otherwise obtained or derived), and a menu ofdestinations via which the subscriber can instruct the softswitch as towhere the subscriber wants to take the call (e.g., “my phone(805-690-4104)”, “on cell phone (805-637-0280).

FIG. 30 illustrates example system components involved in providing BCMMobile/Fixed One-Number functionality. In this example, the softswitchintegrates with the wireless network in an MVNO relationship. Thisenables the phone number to be owned by a third party, such as a SIPservice provider yet be associated with the mobile phone in the wirelessnetwork, so that calls, SMS messages, and/or MMS messages from thatmobile phone are identified by the assigned phone number. The assignedphone number can be from a pool associated with the softswitch operator,or the phone number can be the subscriber's original mobile phone numberthat has been ported to the third party.

Optionally, the assigned phone number assigned becomes the “one number”or VTN that can be used to reach the subscriber at multiple lines, suchas, by way of example, via a mobile phone, a fixed phone, a VoIP phone,or the telecommunications client. Optionally, the VTN is published asthe caller ID (e.g., inserted into a callerID field in call signalingassociated with calls placed using these devices so that calls appear tooriginate from the same phone number even when the call actuallyoriginates from different phones associated with different phone linesor carriers.

Referring again to FIG. 30, an example call scenario is illustrated inwhich a caller initiates a call to a VTN associated with a mobile phone.The call is received by the softswitch. The softswitch determines thatthe call is for a subscriber, identifies the subscriber owning orassociated with this VTN, accesses the subscriber's accountconfiguration (e.g., which includes some or all of the following:subscriber call processing, transfer, screening instructions, subscriberwork and home fixed phone addresses, mobile phone address, informationidentifying information related to one or more telecommunicationsclients associated with the subscriber, etc.). Based on the subscriberaccount configuration, the softswitch routes the call to the mobilephone.

At state 401, a caller dials the phone number assigned to the mobilephone. At state 402, the phone number is recognized in the PSTN as ownedby a SIP service provider or other third party, and so the call isrouted to the SIP service provider switch serving that number.

At state 403, the SIP Proxy associated with the SIP provider convertsthe PSTN call to SIP (or other desired protocol) and transmits a messageto the softswitch informing the softswitch of the call. At state 404,the softswitch queries the HLR to get the status of the mobile phone sothat the Softswitch can determine how to handle the call.

At state 405, the HLR in turn queries the Visitor Location Register(VLR) of the MSC currently serving the mobile phone to determine itsstatus and location. At state 406, the softswitch receives an indicationthat the mobile phone is accessible (e.g., on and in communication witha base station), and so the softswitch routes the call through the PSTNto the MSC serving the mobile phone in the given wireless network.

At state 407, the MSC consults its VLR for the current location of thesubscriber's mobile phone so that it can route the call to the specificBase Station (BS) serving the phone.

At state 408, the BS delivers the call to the mobile phone and thesubscriber answers. This causes an Answer indication to be propagatedback through the networks to the softswitch. When the softswitchreceives the Answer indication from the mobile phone, the softswitchopens a channel to the voice mail subsystem and establishes a one-waytalk path so that the person answering the phone can screen the callwhile a message is being recorded.

At state 409, while delivering the call to the mobile phone, thesoftswitch delivers the call to the subscriber's work computer-basedclient application, with screening. At state 410, the person thatanswered the phone keypresses 1 (or provides other appropriate input) totake the call. When the softswitch detects the DTMF signal, thesoftswitch ends the recording and opens up a two-way talk path betweenthe two parties so that they can converse.

While the call is active, the person answering the phone has the optionof taking the call/end screening (e.g., by keypressing 1 or providingother appropriate input), transferring the call to a fixed phone (e.g.,a home landline phone that may be shared with other members of thehousehold) or another phone (e.g., by keypressing 2 or providing otherappropriate input), or conferencing in other parties (e.g., bykeypresses 3 or providing other appropriate input). If the mobile phonehad been unavailable (e.g., had been turned off or was busy), thesoftswitch would know this from the response to its HLR query and wouldact appropriately to deliver the call to the subscriber's fixed phone(or other designated terminal) instead. The owner of the mobile phone isnotified of missed calls via the phone's message waiting icon, SMS, MMS,email, or other communication technique, as desired.

When a call is originated from a mobile phone, the call is optionallyrouted through the softswitch to give the subscriber call transfer andconferencing feature control the same as, or similar those provided tothe subscriber on inbound calls. FIG. 31 illustrates an example processof how external calls from the fixed phone can also be routed throughthe softswitch to provide enhanced call management functions and toensure that the assigned number gets used as the caller ID associatedwith the subscriber's call. The call in this example is initiated by thesubscriber via the subscriber's telecommunication client or browser. Thesoftswitch dials the fixed phone. When the fixed phone starts ringing,the softswitch dials the Callee phone to bridge the two phones together.In particular, referring to FIG. 31, an example call handling process isas follows.

At state 501, the subscriber selects a contact (e.g., via thesubscriber's contact database/electronic address book accessed via atelecommunications application hoisted on the subscriber's computer, viaa browser which accesses the contacts hosted on the softswitch, orotherwise) and clicks a Call button (e.g., displayed and accessed viathe client application, the browser, or otherwise).

At state 502, the call request passes through the corporate firewall tothe softswitch (e.g., over a client session). The softswitch access theaccount configuration associated with the subscriber (e.g., whichincludes some or all of the following: subscriber call processing,transfer, screening instructions, subscriber work and home fixed phoneaddresses, mobile phone address, information identifying informationrelated to one or more telecommunications clients associated with thesubscriber, etc.).

At state 503, to establish the one end of the call, the softswitch dialsthe fixed phone number (using the fixed phone address accessed from theaccount configuration) causing it to ring. If needed, two-staged dialingis used to get through the Auto Attendant, although DID can be used aswell.

At state 504, once the subscriber's fixed phone is answered, thesoftswitch dials the Callee via the SIP connection to the SIP provider.The subscriber's assigned phone number (e.g., assigned VTN) is used asthe caller ID (e.g., is inserted into the callerID signaling fieldassociated with the call to the Callee). The softswitch bridges the twoends of the call together.

At state 505, the SIP provider converts the call to SS7 signaling(including the assigned phone number in the callerID field) as needed tocause the call to be routed to the Callee's phone. The assigned number(e.g., the subscriber's VTN) is displayed in the Callee's caller IDdisplay. The Callee answers the phone, a full duplex talk path isestablished, and the Callee and subscriber begin conversing.

At state 506, while talking, in this example the subscriber needs tohead to a meeting, and so presses 2 (or other designated input) on thefixed phone to transfer to the mobile phone and continue theconversation while heading for the meeting.

At state 507, the softswitch detects the DTMF signal corresponding tothe subscriber's keypress, and queries the HLR to determine the mobilephone status. From the status of the subscriber's phones, the softswitchinfers that the subscriber wishes to transfer the call to the mobilephone. At state 508, the softswitch delivers the call to the mobilephone via the PSTN, MSC, and BS.

At state 509, the subscriber answers the mobile phone. At this point theCallee, the mobile phone, and the fixed phone are temporarilyconferenced together until the subscriber hangs up the fixed phone andconverses with the Caller using the mobile phone.

Optionally, the subscriber could have made the call directly from thefixed phone by speed dialing or otherwise dialing to the softswitch andthen entering the number of the Callee. Optionally, the softswitch canvoice prompt the subscriber to select the Callee (e.g., “Name Please”),and the subscriber then selects who is to be called using a voicecommand (e.g., “Bob” or other Callee identifier). The subscriber canalso have originated a call via a mobile phone. A call origination fromthe mobile phone optionally similarly makes use of the subscriber'scontact list/electronic address book to make a call with a voice command(e.g., interpreted by the phone's internal speech recognitioncapability, by the softswitch or otherwise), or the Callee can beidentified via keypresses or a menu selection.

Example mobile answering services and functionality will now bedescribed. A business or other customer registers for a Mobile Answeringservice by going to a BCM landing page (e.g., a web page available at acorresponding URL and associated with the softswitch operator, provideror a related entity) using a browser or other interface, and supplyingrequested information in corresponding Web page form fields. The tablebelow the data below describes example data, some or all of which may berequested.

TABLE 4 Mobile Answering Registration Data Requested and/or RequiredData Information? Description Mobile Yes The phone number of the mobiledevice the phone customer uses for work (or other specified numberlocation). Optionally, it is assumed that this device is for thesubscriber's own personal use and not shared with others. Wireless YesThe carrier servicing this mobile phone carrier number. A drop down listis provided, with the default being the carrier inferred from the LERGdatabase. Password Yes Numeric or other password used to access MobileZone from point other than the customer's PC Client and used to accessPhone Client when accessed from phone other than the subscriber's mobilephone. Email No The customers work email address (or other addressspecified email address, such as a personal email address).

In an example, process, once the requested data provided by thesubscriber is received and recorded in computer readable memory, anaccount with the BCM-MA package offer is created. The subscriber is thenasked to forward the subscriber's phone to a specified phone numberassociated with the softswitch (or other designated destination) toinitiate service. The mobile phone number provided is used to determinewho the associated carrier is, and to present carrier-specificinstructions for reprogramming the call forwarding. Optionally includedwith this information is an indication as to whether charges on thesubscriber's phone bill for forwarded calls will occur or are likely.Assurances can optionally be provided to the subscriber that theforwarding change can be easily undone if necessary or desired and thesoftswitch operator or agent will help undo the forwarding change.

By way of example, the subscriber may be requested to forward thesubscriber's calls to a phone number associated with the softswitchoperator or agent, such as a 775-665-1234 pilot number, unless thecarrier is known to not support including the caller ID as part of thecall information when forwarding a call. In this case, the subscriber isassigned a personal 775-665-1234 VTN.

If a telecommunications client is to be used to access services, thesubscriber is requested to download the telecommunications client. Forexample, the subscriber can be provided with a download link via whichthe client can be downloaded. In an example embodiment, once downloaded,the client optionally presents a registration form, wherein thesubscriber re-enters some or all the data referred to in Table 1, andthen the subscriber is presented with a user interface (e.g., a webpage) that asks whether the subscriber has forwarded the subscriber'sphone to the specified phone number associated with the softswitch (orother specified destination). If not, the subscriber is provided withinstructions on how to have calls forwarded to the designateddestination.

After the subscriber indicates that the forwarding change has beencompleted, an automated test call is made to the subscriber's mobilephone to verify the call forwarding is working. For example, shortlybefore the test is performed, the subscriber is optionally instructed tolet the mobile phone ring (e.g., when the test call is placed) so thatthe call will automatically forward to the softswitch (or otherdesignated destination). The softswitch will then cause the subscriber'stelecommunication client to present the call and screen a prerecordedmessage (e.g., “Your phone line is now configured to forward calls toour call processing system) that is left by the test program. The calloptionally then appears in the subscriber's call log (e.g., presentedvia the telecommunications client or via a browser). Optionally, noentry in the contact list is generated. If the test fails, diagnosticinformation is displayed indicating the likely cause and actions totake, which may be to call Customer Care for assistance.

Optionally, the subscriber is also encouraged to install thetelecommunication client on other subscriber computers (e.g., thesubscriber's home computer, laptop computer, etc.) so that thesubscriber can access the subscriber's call log and review thesubscriber's messages at different locations.

The registration process optionally concludes with a thank you messageand instructions about how to use the phone client to create a personalgreeting, retrieve messages, and/or configure the subscriber's phoneprocessing services. By way of example, the phone client is optionallyaccessed by dialing the assigned designated number (e.g., a 775-665-1234pilot number) or the subscriber's VTN. Optionally, the subscriber isadvised to set up a speed dial key (e.g., ‘1’) on the subscriber'smobile phone for accessing the phone client. Customer Care contactinformation is optionally prominently displayed via the subscriber'stelecommunications client or other user interface, to provide with thesubscriber with simple access to support personnel who can processsubscriber requests (e.g., help requests, undo call forwarding requests,etc.).

If an email address was entered via the registration user interface, thethank you notification and Phone Client instructions are optionally alsoor instead emailed to the subscriber.

When the account is created for the subscriber, SMS call notification isoptionally enabled, and optionally, the subscriber can disable SMS callnotification. Email call notification with message attachment isoptionally also enabled if an email address was entered, wherein suchnotification and attachment can be configured by the subscriber. Emailnotification is optionally disabled automatically after the firsttelecommunication client session with the softswitch, althoughoptionally the subscriber can re-enable it via the Mobile Zone or otherdesignated Web page or user interface.

As similarly discussed elsewhere herein, a subscriber can be notified ofcalls (e.g., via SMS, MMS, instant message, and/or email). If an SMSmessaging is to be used, an SMS gateway used for routing notificationsis optionally automatically configured based on the wireless carrierinformation gathered during registration. Optionally, by default, SMSnotification is enabled for calls with messages. Optionally, by default,SMS notification is disabled for calls with messages. From the MobileZone website or other user interface, the subscriber can alsoenable/disable SMS notification (or other notification) for callswithout messages and notification via email. For notifications viaemail, the subscriber has the option of specifying via one or more ofthe user interface described herein that the message (e.g., in the formof an audio file) is to be attached to emails sent to the subscriber.The email address for notification optionally defaults to the emailaddress specified during registration but can be changed by thesubscriber using one or more of the user interfaces described herein.When an email address is changed, the subscriber optionally is askedwhether the new email address is also to be used as the subscriber'scontact address for account matters, service notifications, and othercommunications.

A call notification (e.g., via SMS, MMS, email, instant messaging, etc.)includes one or more of the time of the call, the caller's phone number,the caller's name as determined from the contact list or caller nameservice, and/or an indication as to whether or not a message was left. Acall notification via email includes optionally includes the message aswell.

As discussed elsewhere herein, the softswitch optionally maintains a logof calls received by the softswitch for the subscriber (e.g., callsforwarded to the softswitch from the subscriber's mobile phone). Thecall log may be available to the subscriber via one or more userinterfaces (e.g., a phone client, a telecommunications client hosted ona subscriber computer, a Web site, such as the Mobile Zone). Forexample, the call log information can include some or all of thefollowing: call date/time, call duration, caller's phone number,caller's name, caller's phone service location (e.g., city, state),caller's phone type (home, work, mobile, fax, other), voice messageduration, link to voice message, number of fax pages, link to fax pages.Other embodiments may log less, more, or different information. Further,the availability of information via the various platforms may bedifferent for different user interfaces. For example, optionally, lesslog data is made available via the phone client than via the MobileZone. Optionally, all, or a subset of the data can be accessed via thephone client, the telecommunications, and/or the Mobile Zone.

Optionally, a Menu button is provided on the telecommunications clientapplication which can be used by a subscriber to set preferences and toaccess the Mobile Zone for feature settings (optionally, broader featuresettings may be made available via the Mobile Zone than via thetelecommunications client application). The preference settingsoptionally include which sound is to be played when presenting a call,whether to play a beep on the host computer speaker if a number clientusing the client application is busy, and whether the speaker is to bemuted by default for incoming calls. Optionally, a user interface isprovided that enables a subscriber to alter the subscriber's name, emailaddress, and/or password.

The following table provides a description of various fields andcorresponding descriptions for an example contact list entry for a givencontact phone number. Other embodiments can have fewer, additional, ordifferent fields. The subscriber's contact list is optionally displayedwhen a telecommunications client user interface Contacts tab isselected. A contact entry is optionally displayed on one or more lines,wherein additional lines may be used to display multiple phone numbersfor a contact.

Data Description Name Name associated with the contact's phone number inthe subscriber's contact list. If no name is provided, the name fieldoptionally displays the phrase “Unknown” or other like, or is blank.“Unknown” entries are optionally listed first. “Unknown” entries areoptionally listed last. If this row is not the first phone number forthis contact, then the name field is left blank/not provided. Phonenumber Phone number of the contact. Phone number e.g., home, work,mobile, fax, VoIP, or Other icon type indicating the phone type. Emailaddress The contact's email address, which if non-empty, is optionally ahyperlink to a send mail page. If this row is not the first row for thisentry, then email address is left blank/not provided. Membership A rowdisplays a service provider icon if a phone number of a BCM or Prepaidaccount matches the phone number in the phone number field.

FIG. 32 illustrates an example display of a contact list including aplurality of entries.

Thus, as described above, certain embodiments facilitate caller accessto a subscriber by enabling a caller to call a certain phone number,wherein the call can be routed to the subscriber's current localtelephone. Thus, for example, a caller can reach the subscriber at work,at home, via the subscriber's mobile phone using the same phone number.Similarly, the subscriber can place a call using different phones, suchas the subscriber's work, home, or mobile telephones, and have the samenumber published to the called parties,

It should be understood that certain variations and modifications ofthis invention would suggest themselves to one of ordinary skill in theart. The scope of the present invention is not to be limited by theillustrations or the foregoing descriptions thereof.

1. A method of processing calls, the method comprising: storing incomputer readable memory associated with a call processing system aphone address associated with a first subscriber; storing in computerreadable memory a plurality of phone addresses for the subscriberassociated with at least one network selected from the group including awireline network, a wireless network, and/or an Internet network;participating at the call processing system in a first call with thesubscriber, wherein the first call is associated with a second phoneaddress; placing a first outcall from a call processing system to thefirst called party, wherein the call processing system inserts the firstphone address in a callerID field associated with signaling informationassociated with the first outcall, wherein the first phone address isdifferent than the second phone address; bridging the first call and thefirst outcall; participating at the call processing system in a secondcall with the subscriber, wherein the second call is conducted via asubscriber communication device associated with a third phone address;placing a second outcall from a call processing system to the secondcalled party, wherein the call processing system inserts the first phoneaddress in a callerID field associated with signaling informationassociated with the second outcall, wherein the first phone address isdifferent than the third phone address; and bridging the second call andthe second outcall.
 2. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein thefirst call is initiated by the subscriber.
 3. The method as defined inclaim 1, wherein the first call is forwarded to the call processingsystem on at least one of a call forward on ring-no-answer condition, acall-forward-all calls condition, or of a forward-on-busy condition. 4.The method as defined in claim 1, wherein the first call is forwarded toa pilot number associated with the call processing system.
 5. The methodas defined in claim 1, wherein the signaling information associated withthe first outcall is SS7 signaling.
 6. The method as defined in claim 1,wherein the first call is initiated via a telecommunications clientapplication hosted on a computer terminal associated with thesubscriber.
 7. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein the signalinginformation associated with the first outcall is SIP signaling.
 8. Themethod as defined in claim 1, wherein the first outcall is placed usingan Internet Protocol network.
 9. The method as defined in claim 1,wherein the first outcall is placed over a wireless network.
 10. Themethod as defined in claim 1, wherein the first outcall is placed over aswitched circuit telephone network.
 11. The method as defined in claim1, the method further comprising: receiving at the call processingsystem a third call from a calling party directed to the first phoneaddress; reading at least one subscriber specified rule from computerreadable memory; and based at least in part on at least one subscriberspecified rule, transferring the third call to a destination associatedwith the subscriber, wherein the destination is assigned a phone addressdifferent than the first phone address.
 12. The method as defined inclaim 1, the method further comprising providing the subscriber withsoftware used to enable a firewall to be penetrated by a call-relatedcommunication.
 13. The method as defined in claim 1, the method furthercomprising providing software that adaptively penetrates a firewall sothat a call-related communication is not stopped by the firewall. 14.The method as defined in claim 1, the method further comprising: whilethe first outcall is in process, receiving at the call processing systema call transfer request from the subscriber, wherein the call transferrequest is associated with a transfer destination; placing a thirdoutcall to the transfer destination; and connecting the first outcallwith the third outcall.
 15. The method as defined in claim 1, whereinthe plurality of phone addresses includes a work phone address, a homephone address, and a mobile phone address.
 16. The method as defined inclaim 1, wherein the first phone address is a virtual telephone addressthat is not assigned by a carrier to the subscriber.
 17. A method ofprocessing calls, the method comprising: receiving at a call processingsystem a first call request from a client telecommunications applicationhosted on a user computer, wherein the first call request identifies afirst party to be called; at least partly in response to the first callrequest, placing a first outcall from the call processing system to atelephone associated with the user; placing a second outcall from thecall processing system to a telephone associated with the first party,wherein the second outcall is associated with signaling information, thesignaling information including a user phone address associated with theuser, wherein the user phone address is not the phone address of thecall processing system, but is a phone address assigned to or specifiedby the user; and causing the first outcall and the second outcall to beconnected.
 18. The method as defined in claim 17, wherein the usertelephone is a landline phone.
 19. The method as defined in claim 17,wherein the user telephone is a mobile phone.
 20. The method as definedin claim 17, wherein the user telephone is an Internet protocol phone.21. The method as defined in claim 17, wherein the first call request isreceived by the call processing system after the first call requesttraverses a firewall.
 22. The method as defined in claim 17, the methodfurther comprising: determining if the first party is a subscriber of atleast a first service offered by the call processing system; and if thefirst party is not a subscriber of the first service offered by the callprocessing system providing an invitation control to the user, which,when activated by the user, initiates at least in part the generation ofa communication to the first party regarding subscribing.
 23. The methodas defined in claim 17, the method further comprising providing aninvitation link in a call log entry associated with at least one call.24. The method as defined in claim 17, wherein the first call request isprovided via the user selecting a contact database entry or a call logentry.
 25. The method as defined in claim 17, the method furthercomprising receiving an indication from the user as to whichcommunication device the first outcall is to be placed.
 26. A method ofprocessing calls, the method comprising: storing in computer readablememory an association between a user and a first phone addressassociated with a call processing system; receiving from the user aplurality of user phone addresses associated with at least one networkselected from the group including wireline network, wireless network,and Internet network; storing the plurality of user phone addresses incomputer readable memory; receiving at the call processing system anindication from the user that the user wants to establish a call with afirst party using a first of the plurality of phone addresses; andplacing a first outcall from the call processing system to the firstparty, wherein the call processing system inserts the first phoneaddress associated with the call processing system in a callerID fieldassociated with signaling information corresponding to the firstoutcall, wherein a user communication device to be connected to thefirst outcall at least partly in response to a user action.
 27. Themethod as defined in claim 26, the method further comprising: receivingat the call processing system an indication from the user that the userwant to establish a call with a second party via a second of the userphone addresses; placing a second outcall from the call processingsystem to the second party, wherein the call processing system insertsthe first phone address associated with the call processing system in acallerID field associated with signaling information corresponding tothe second outcall, wherein the first phone address associated with thecall processing system is different than the second user phone address;and causing, at least in part, a user communication device associatedwith the second user phone address to be connected to the secondoutcall.
 28. The method as defined in claim 26, wherein the signalinginformation associated with the first outcall is SS7 signaling.
 29. Themethod as defined in claim 26, wherein the first communication device isa computer hosting Voice over IP software.
 30. The method as defined inclaim 26, wherein the signaling information associated with the firstoutcall is SIP signaling.
 31. The method as defined in claim 26, whereinthe first outcall is placed using an Internet Protocol network.
 32. Themethod as defined in claim 26, wherein the first outcall is placed overa wireless network.
 33. The method as defined in claim 26, wherein thefirst outcall is placed over a switched circuit telephone network. 34.The method as defined in claim 26, the method further comprising:receiving at the call processing system a call from a calling partydirected to the first phone address associated with the call processingsystem; reading at least one user specified rule from computer readablememory; based at least in part on the at least one user specified rule,connecting the calling party call to a destination associated with theuser, wherein the destination is assigned a phone address different thanthe first phone address.
 35. The method as defined in claim 26, themethod further comprising providing software used to penetrate afirewall.
 36. The method as defined in claim 26, the method furthercomprising providing software that adaptively penetrates a firewall. 37.The method as defined in claim 26, the method further comprising: whilethe first outcall is in process, receiving at the call processing systema call connect request from the user, wherein the call connect requestis associated with a connect destination; placing an outcall to theconnect destination; and connecting the first outcall with the outcallto the connect destination.
 38. The method as defined in claim 26, themethod further comprising providing an invitation link in a call logentry associated with at least one call.
 39. The method as defined inclaim 26, the method further comprising: determining if the first partyis a subscriber of at least a first service offered by the callprocessing system; and if the first party is not a subscriber of thefirst service offered by the call processing system providing aninvitation control to the user, which, when activated by the user,initiates at least in part the generation of a communication to thefirst party regarding subscribing.
 40. A method of processing calls,comprising: receiving at a call processing system a message from anInternet protocol proxy regarding a first call from a caller;determining if the first call is directed to a telephone address of asubscriber of services offered by the call processing system, wherein atleast partly in response to determining that the telephone address isthat of a subscriber: accessing an account record associated with thesubscriber, the account record including at least one subscriberinstruction; based at least in part on the subscriber instruction,placing a first outcall to a first communication device associated withthe subscriber; if the first outcall is not answered within a firstnumber of rings or period of time, placing a second outcall to a secondcommunication device associated with the subscriber; and receiving acall connect instruction from the subscriber; and instructing the callprocessing system to connect the first call to a third communicationdevice.
 41. The method as defined in claim 40, wherein the InternetProtocol proxy is a Session Internet Protocol (SIP) proxy that convertsSS7 signaling to SIP protocol.
 42. The method as defined in claim 40,the method further comprising using two stage calling during the firstoutcall, wherein at least one of the two stages includes dialing aprivate branch exchange extension.
 43. The method as defined in claim40, wherein the call connect instruction is provided using DTMF tones.44. The method as defined in claim 40, wherein the call connectinstruction is provided via a menu that displays a plurality ofcommunication destinations.
 45. The method as defined in claim 40, themethod further comprising: providing a request to the caller to leave amessage; connecting the caller to the subscriber in half duplex mode sothat the subscriber can listen to the caller leaving a message insubstantially real time and the caller cannot hear the subscriber; andreceiving an indication from the subscriber that the subscriber wants tospeak with the caller; at least partly in response to the indication,causing the connection between the caller and the subscriber to be infull duplex mode.
 46. The method as defined in claim 40, the methodfurther comprising asking the subscriber if the subscriber wants toupdate a contact record for the caller at least partly in response tothe first call.
 47. The method as defined in claim 40, the methodfurther comprising asking the subscriber if the subscriber wants tocreate a contact record for the caller at least partly in response tothe first call.
 48. The method as defined in claim 40, the methodfurther comprising transmitting a message including text to a mobiledevice associated with the subscriber, wherein the message includesinformation regarding the first call.
 49. The method as defined in claim40, wherein the first communication device resides behind a firewall.50. The method as defined in claim 40, wherein the first communicationdevice is connected to a private branch exchange system.
 51. The methodas defined in claim 40, the method further comprising updating a callcounter at least partly in response to the first call.
 52. A method ofprocessing calls, comprising: receiving a message over the Internetindicating a call has been placed by a caller to a phone address of auser having a mobile communication device, wherein the user has anaccount associated with a call processing system; requesting the statusof the mobile communication device; receiving a response to the request;if the response indicates that the mobile communication device isavailable to receive the call, causing at least in part that call to berouted to the mobile communication device; receiving at the callprocessing system an indication as to whether the mobile communicationdevice answered the call; at least partly in response to receiving anindication that the mobile communication device answered the call,causing a half-duplex talk path to be established between the mobilecommunication device and the caller so that the user can hear the callerand the caller does not hear the user; at least partly in response toreceiving an indication that the user wants to converse with the callervia the mobile communication device, causing a full duplex communicationpath to be established between the mobile communication device and thecaller; connecting the call to a computer-based telecommunicationsclient application in half-duplex mode, wherein the user can hear thecaller and the caller cannot hear the user; and if an indication isprovided that the user wants to converse with the caller via thecomputer-based telecommunications client application, causing, at leastin part, a full duplex talk path to be established between thecomputer-based telecommunications client application and the caller sothat the caller and the user can converse.
 53. The method as defined inclaim 52, wherein the mobile communication device status requestresponse includes a response from a Visitor Location Register.
 54. Themethod as defined in claim 52, wherein the phone address is associatedwith an Internet service provider.
 55. The method as defined in claim52, wherein the call placed by the caller is converted to an Internetprotocol.
 56. The method as defined in claim 52, wherein signalingassociated with the call placed by the caller is converted from SS7protocol to Session Internet Protocol.
 57. The method as defined inclaim 52, wherein the computer-based telecommunications clientapplication is protected by a firewall.